Nā ʻano pōpoki - Nā hiʻona a me nā laʻana

Mea Kākau: Laura McKinney
Lā O Ka Hana: 8 Apelila 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 24 Kepakemapa 2024
Anonim
UZBEKU PILAFS KAZĀNĀ UZ UGUNS. Kā Fergana Plov tiek pagatavota Odesā
Wikiō: UZBEKU PILAFS KAZĀNĀ UZ UGUNS. Kā Fergana Plov tiek pagatavota Odesā

Anter

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻike mākou e like me nā felines i nā lālā o ka ʻohana felid (Felidae). Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau holoholona weliweli i ka honua holoʻokoʻa, koe wale nō ma nā wahi polar a me ka ʻaoʻao komohana hema o Oceania. ʻIke nō he ʻoiaʻiʻo wale nō kēia inā kāpae mākou i ka pōpoki kūloko (ʻO Felis catus), i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa me ke kōkua o nā kānaka.

Aia i loko o ka ʻohana felid he 14 genera a me 41 mau ʻano i hōʻike ʻia. Makemake ʻoe e launa me lākou? I kēlā hihia, mai haʻalele i kēia ʻatikala na PeritoAnimal e pili ana i nā ʻokoʻa ʻano o nā pōpoki, kona mau hiʻohiʻona a me kekahi mau laʻana.

Nā ʻAno Feline

Loaʻa i nā ʻano felines a felids paha ke ʻano o nā ʻano maʻamau e ʻae iā lākou e hui pū ʻia. Eia kekahi o lākou:


  • Nā makuahine placental: uhi ʻia ko lākou kino i ka lauoho, hānau lākou i kā lākou ʻīlio pēpē i hana ʻia a hānai lākou iā lākou me ka waiū a lākou e hūnā ai i loko o kā lākou umauma.
  • ʻO Carnivores: ma waena o nā mea momona, no ka ʻaoʻao ʻo Carnivora nā felines. E like me ke koena o nā lālā o kēia kauoha, hānai nā pōpoki i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe.
  • kino kāhiko: Loaʻa i nā pōpoki āpau kahi ʻano like o ke kino e ʻae iā lākou e holo me ka wikiwiki loa. He mau koʻa ikaika lākou a me kahi huelo e hāʻawi iā lākou i ke kaulike nui. Ma luna o kona poʻo, kū ka maka o kāna waha pōkole a me nā ʻiʻo ʻoi.
  • maiuu nui: Loaʻa i nā kui kuʻikuʻi i loko o kahi wahī. Lawe wale lākou iā lākou ke hoʻohana lākou.
  • Ka nui lauwili: hiki ke kaupaona ʻia nā ʻano pōpoki like ʻole mai ka 1 kg, i ka hihia o ka pōpoki popo (Prionailurus rubiginosus), a i 300 kg, i ka hihia o ka tiger (ʻeke ʻeke).
  • poʻe ʻaihue: ʻo kēia mau holoholona āpau he poʻe hahai holoholona maikaʻi loa. Hopu lākou i kā lākou mea pio ma ke ʻūlū ʻana a alualu paha iā lākou.

Nā papa pōpoki

I kēia manawa, aia wale nō ʻelua mau ʻohana o felids:


  • Fʻelikini ʻoiaʻiʻo (Subfamily Felinae): komo pū me nā liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano kaulike i hiki ʻole ke kani.
  • NOma mua (Pantherinae subfamily): me nā pōpoki nui. ʻO ke ʻano o kā lākou mau leo ​​leo e ʻae iā lākou e hana i kahi kani.

Ma loko o kēia ʻatikala, nānā mākou i nā ʻano pōpoki i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hui.

Nā ʻano o nā pōpoki maoli

ʻO nā lālā o ka ʻohana Felinidae i ʻike ʻia he felines ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO kāna e pili ana 34 mau liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi paha. ʻO kāna ʻokoʻa nui me ka panther felines i kāna phonation. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o kā lākou mau mele leo ma mua o ka panther's, no laila ke kumu hiki ʻole ke hana i ka uwō maoli. Eia nō naʻe, ʻū paha lākou.

Ma loko o kēia hui hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā ʻano felines a i ʻole nā ​​kānana. Hoʻokumu ʻia kā lākou hui ʻana i kā lākou pili pili i ka pili. Penei lākou:


  • Nā pōpoki
  • pōpoki leopadi
  • cougar a me nā hoahānau
  • Nā pōpoki Indo-Malayan
  • pūlima
  • Leopadi a i ʻole pōpoki hihiu
  • Caracal a me nā hoahānau

Pōpoki (Felis spp.)

hana nā pōpoki i ka genus Felis, i komo pū kekahi o nā lāʻano liʻiliʻi o nā ʻano pelines. No kēia kumu, hānai lākou i nā holoholona i hoʻemi ʻia ka nui, e like me nā rodents, nā manu, nā mea kolo a me nā amphibians. ʻAi lākou i ka ʻai i nā mea kolo nui e like me nā ʻūhini.

Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻano pōpoki hihiu āpau e ʻimi ʻalalā a i ka pō, mahalo i ka hihio po i hoʻomohala nui ʻia. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia lākou ma waena o Eurasia a me ʻApelika, me ka ʻokoʻa o ka pōpoki kūloko (ʻO Felis catus), he feline i wae ʻia e nā kānaka mai ka pōpoki ʻApelika hihiu (F. lybica). Mai ia manawa, ua hele pū ʻo ia me kā mākou laha ke hele mākou ma waena o nā ʻāina a me nā mokupuni.

Ka wahine kāne Felis Hoʻokumu ʻia e 6 ʻanoʻano:

  • Jungle Cat a i ʻole Swamp Lynx (F. aloha)
  • Pōpoki huhū me nā ʻūpā ʻeleʻele (nigripes)
  • Waonahele a i ʻole Sahara pōpoki (F. margarita)
  • Pōpoki neoneo Kina (F. bieti)
  • Popoki mauna ʻEulopa (F. sylvestris)
  • Pōpoki hihiu ʻApelika (F. lybica)
  • popoki kūloko (ʻO F. catus)

pōpoki leopadi

ʻO nā pōpoki Leopadi nā ʻano o nā genus. ʻO Prionailurus, koe wale nō ka pōpoki Manul (Otocolobus manual). Hoʻolahalaha ʻia nā mea āpau ma ka Hikina Hema ʻo Asia a me ka pae moku ʻo Malay.

ʻO kēia mau pōpoki kekahi i ka pō, ʻoiai he ʻokoʻa ka nui a me ka lawena. Aia i waena o lākou ka ʻano pōpoki liʻiliʻi loa o ka honua, i kapa ʻia he popoki popo (P. rubiginosus). Ana ʻia he 40 kenimika wale nō. Kū aʻe ka pōpoki lawaiʻa (P. viverinus), ʻo ka feline wale nō e hoʻokumu i kāna papaʻai i ka ʻai ʻana o ka iʻa.

I ka hui o nā pōpoki leopadi hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā ʻano kēia:

  • Manul a i ʻole Pallas Cat (Otocolobus manual)
  • ʻO ka popo popo a i ʻole ka popo i pena ʻia (ʻO Prionailurus rubiginosus)
  • pōpoki poʻo poʻoP. planiceps)
  • pōpoki lawaiʻa (P. viverinus)
  • leopadi pōpoki (P. bengalensis)
  • Sunda leopadi pōpoki (P. javanensis)

cougar a me nā hoahānau

I kēia hui aia 3 mau ʻano, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka helehelena, pili loa i nā genetically:

  • ʻO Cheetah (ʻO Acubonyx jubatus)
  • Moorish popoki a i ʻole jaguarundi (herpaiurus yagouaroundi)
  • Puma a puma paha (Puma concolor)

ʻO kēia mau ʻano ʻekolu kekahi o nā ʻano pōpoki nui loa. He agile predator lakou o ʻano maʻamau o ke ao. Makemake ka cheetah i nā wahi maloʻo a maloʻo, kahi e kali ai i kāna mea pio, kokoke loa i nā kumu wai. ʻO ka cougar, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ma nā mauna kiʻekiʻe.

Inā kū kēia ʻano pōpoki i kekahi mea, no ka wikiwiki e hiki iā lākou ke hoʻokō, mahalo i kā lākou kino elongated a me kaila. ʻO ka holoholona wikiwiki loa i ka honua ka cheetah, i ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 km / h. ʻAe kēia iā lākou e alualu i kā lākou mea pio ma o ka alualu ʻana.

Nā pōpoki Indo-Malayan

ʻO kēia mau pōpoki kekahi o nā ʻano felines ʻike ʻole ʻia ma muli o ko lākou lahilahi. Noho lākou i ka Indo-Malay ma ka Hikina Hema ʻo Asia a ʻike ʻia e ko lākou nani kū hoʻokahi a nā kala gula. ʻO kā lākou lau kala e ʻae iā lākou e hui pū me nā lau o ka honua a me ka ʻili o nā kumulāʻau.

I kēia hui ʻike mākou i 3 ʻano a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano pōpoki:

  • Pōpoki Marbled (marmorata pardofelis)
  • Borneo ʻoki wahine (Catopuma badia)
  • ʻO ka pōpoki gula AsiaC. temminckii)

pūlima

ʻO nā bobcats (ʻO Lynx spp.) he felids waena me nā kiko ʻeleʻele ma ke kino. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou e he huelo pokole. Hoʻohui ʻia, nui ko lākou mau pepeiao, kihi, e pau ana i ka plume ʻeleʻele. Hāʻawi kēia iā lākou i ka hoʻolohe nui e hoʻohana ai lākou e ʻike i kā lākou mea pio. Hānai nui lākou i nā mammals waena e like me nā lāpaki a i ʻole lagomorphs.

I kēia ʻano felines komo pū 4 ʻano:

  • 'Amelika Red Lynx (L. rufus)
  • ʻO Lynx o Kanada (L. canadensis)
  • ʻO Eurasian Lynx (L. lynx)
  • ʻO Iberian Lynx (L. pardinus)

nā pōpoki hihiu a i ʻole nā ​​leopadi

ʻIke pinepine mākou e like me nā pōpoki hihiu i nā felines o ka genus Leopadi. Hoʻolahalaha ʻia lākou ma waena o ʻAmelika Hema a me Central, koe wale no ka Ocelot, nona ka heluna kanaka ma ka hema o ʻAmelika Hema.

Kuhi ʻia kēia ʻano pōpoki e ka loaʻa ʻana nā kiko ʻeleʻele ma luna o kahi kāʻei kua melemele. ʻO ka nui o kā lākou nui a ʻai lākou i nā holoholona e like me opossums a me nā mōʻī liʻiliʻi.

I kēia hui hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā ʻano ma lalo:

  • ʻO ka pōpoki Andean ka pōpoki o nā mauna Andes (ʻO Jacobite L.)
  • ʻO Ocelot a i ʻole Ocelot (ʻ splapa sparrow)
  • ʻO Maracajá a i ʻole Maracajá popoki (L. wiedii)
  • ʻO ka pōpoki Haystack a i ʻole Pampas (L. colocolo)
  • Popoki ʻo Tiger Hema (Lkōpū)
  • ʻĀlika Tiger ʻAkau (L. tigrinus)
  • Pōpoki hihiu (L. geoffroyi)
  • Pōpoki Chilean (L. guigna)

Caracal a me nā hoahānau

I loko o kēia hui o nā pōpoki i loko 3 laha pili pili i ka genetically:

  • Lawelawe (ʻO Leptailurus lawelawe)
  • Pōpoki gula ʻApelika (aurata caracal)
  • ʻO Caracal (C. ʻākena)

Noho kēia ʻano pōpoki āpau ma ʻApelika, koe ka caracal, i loaʻa pū ma ke komohana hema o ʻAsia. ʻOi aku kēia a me ka lawelawe i nā wahi mānoanoa a me nā waoakua, ʻoiai e noho ana ka pōpoki gula ʻApelika i nā ululāʻau paʻa loa. Ua ʻike ʻia nā mea āpau ʻaihue ʻaihue o nā holoholona waena, ʻo ia hoʻi nā manu a me nā meheu nui.

Nā ʻano o nā pōpoki Panther

ʻO Panther nā lālā o ka subfamily Pantherinae. ʻOkoʻa kēia mau holoholona kikokiko mai nā koena o nā ʻano felines e kū nei ma ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kaula leo lōʻihi, mānoanoa a ikaika hoʻi. ʻAe ʻia kāna hanana e uwō maoli. ʻOiai ʻo ia kona hiʻohiʻona nui, ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi o nā laha ke ʻike iā mākou ke halulu.

ʻOi aku ka ʻokoʻa o kēia subfamily o felines ma mua o ka mea ma mua, no ka mea ua pau ka hapa nui o kona ʻano. I kēia manawa, hiki iā mākou ke ʻimi i ʻelua mau ʻano wale nō:

  • panthers
  • pōpoki nui

panthers

ʻOiai ʻike ʻia lākou he panther, ʻaʻole pili kēia mau holoholona i ka genus. panthera, akā iā neofelis. E like me ka nui o nā pōpoki a mākou i ʻike ai, noho nā panther ma ʻAkia Hema a me nā Pae ʻAina Indo-Malayan.

Hiki i kēia ʻano pōpoki ke ulu i kahi nui loa, ʻoiai ʻaʻole nui e like me kona ʻohana pili loa. He arboreal kumu lākou. Piʻi i nā kumulāʻau e ʻimi ai i nā primata a lele i waho o nā kumulāʻau e hopu i nā holoholona ʻāina waena.

Ka wahine kāne neofelis komo pū 2 ʻanoʻano launa:

  • Kapua Kapua (N. nebula)
  • Borneo Nebula Panther (N. diardi)

pōpoki nui

ʻO nā lālā o kēia ʻano panthera ʻo lākou nā nā pōpoki nui loa o ka honua. ʻO ko lākou kino ikaika, nā niho ʻoi a me nā maiuu ikaika e ʻae iā lākou e hānai i nā holoholona nui e like me dia, puaʻa ʻāhiu a me nā crocodiles paha. ʻO nā hakakā ma waena o ka hope a me ke Tiga.Tiga), ʻo ia ka feline nui loa ma ka honua a hiki i 300 kilos, kaulana loa.

ʻAneʻane noho nā pōpoki nui a pau i ʻApelika a me ʻAkia Hema, kahi noho i ka savannah a i ʻole ka ulu lāʻau. ʻO ka mea koe wale nō ka jaguar (P. onca): ka pōpoki nui loa ma ʻAmelika. Kaulana nā mea āpau, koe wale no ka leopadi hau (P. uncia) e noho nei ma nā wahi mauna mamao loa o Central Asia. ʻO kēia ke kumu o kona kala keʻokeʻo kikoʻī, i lawelawe i ka camouflage iā ia iho i ka hau.

i loko o ka ʻano panthera hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa 5 mau mea:

  • Tiger (ʻeke ʻeke)
  • ʻO Jaguar a i ʻole leopadi hau (panthera uncia)
  • Jaguar (P. onca)
  • Liona (P. leo).
  • Leopadi a panther paha (P. pardus)

nalowale felines

Me he mea lā i kēia mau lā he nui nā ʻano pōpoki, eia nō naʻe, i ka wā ma mua ua nui nā ʻano hou aku. Ma kēia ʻāpana, e haʻi iki aku mākou iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā ʻano pōpoki make.

tigers niho ʻāʻā

ʻO nā tigers he niho ʻo Saber ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia o nā felines make āpau. ʻOiai ko lākou inoa, ʻaʻole pili kēia mau holoholona i nā tigika o kēia lā. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻokumu lākou i kā lākou hui ponoʻī: ka subhaʻohana Machairodontinae. Ua loaʻa lākou āpau i ka loaʻa ʻana niho nui loa mai ko lākou waha mai.

Hoʻomahele ʻia nā niho Saber ma kahi o ka hone o ka honua. ʻO ka mea hope loa i make i ka hopena o ka Pleistocene, ma kahi o 10,000 mau makahiki i hala. E like me nā pōpoki o kēia lā, nui ka loli o kēia mau holoholona, ​​ʻoiai hiki i kekahi mau ʻano ke loaʻa ua hōʻea i 400 kg. ʻO ia ka hihia o ka ʻO Smilodon populator, he niho peʻa ʻAmelika Hema.

Nā laʻana ʻē aʻe o ka machairodontinae felines:

  • Machairodus aphanistus
  • ʻO Megantereon Cultridens
  • homatidium latidens
  • Smilodon fatalis

nā laina kina ʻole ʻē aʻe

Ma waho aʻe o ka machairodontinae, ua nui nā ʻano felines ʻē aʻe i pau. Eia kekahi o lākou:

  • pōpoki maka pōkole (pratifelis martini)
  • pōpoki martellis (Felis lunensis)
  • lākope jaguar (Panthera gombaszoegensis)
  • cheetah ʻamelika (ʻO Miracinonyx trumani)
  • kanaka nunui cheetah (ʻO Acinonyx pardinensis)
  • owen panther (nā cougar pardoides)
  • liona tuscan (ʻO Tuscan Panthera)
  • tiger longdan (Panthera. zdanskyi)

Nui nā subspecies a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano felids e kū nei i kēia manawa ua pau pū kekahi. ʻO kēia ka hihia o ka liona ʻAmelika (Panthera leo atrox) a i ʻole ka tiger Java (Panthera tigris probe). kekahi o lākou pio i nā makahiki he umi i hala ma muli o ka lilo o ko lākou wahi noho a me ka hopu holoholona hoʻokae ʻia e nā kānaka. Ma muli o kēia, hoʻoweliweli pū ʻia nā mea he nui i kēia manawa nā subspecies a me nā laha.

Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me Nā ʻano pōpoki - Nā hiʻona a me nā laʻana, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.