Anter
ʻIke mākou i ke kauoha ʻo Testudines ma ke ʻano manu kuhukukū a i manu kuhukukū paha. Hoʻopili pū ʻia kona iwi kuamoʻo a me kona iwi ʻaoʻao, e hana ana i kahi carapace ikaika loa e pale ai i kona kino holoʻokoʻa. I nā moʻomeheu he nui lākou ka hōʻailona o ke koa, akā ʻo ka ke ahonui, ke akamai a me ka lōʻihi. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ko lākou lohi a akahele, i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻokō i kahi ola lōʻihi loa.
Hiki i kekahi mau laha ke ola ma mua o 100 mau makahiki. No kēia, pono e mālama pono kēia mau holoholona pīhoihoi iā lākou iho, a ʻo ka mea nui, hānai pono iā lākou iho. Akā ʻike ʻoe he aha ka honu e ʻai ai? Inā ʻaʻole ka pane, e hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana no ka mea ma kēia ʻatikala PeritoAnimal haʻi mākou iā ʻoe i nā mea āpau e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i ka honu hānai, nā honu wai a me nā kuhukukū hoʻi. Heluhelu maikaʻi.
ʻAha nā honu kai?
Aia he 7 mau ʻano a mau ʻano o nā kuhukukū e hana i ka superfamily o chelonoidis (Chelonoidea). Kou Alimentation pili i kēlā me kēia laha, nā meaʻai i loaʻa a me kāna neʻe nui loa. ʻOiai kēia, hiki iā mākou ke hōʻuluʻulu i ka ʻai a nā kuhukū kai ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana iā lākou i ʻekolu mau ʻano:
- manu kuhukukū karnivorous: ʻai i nā kai invertebrates kai e like me ka hulu, ka jellyfish, crustacean a i ʻole echinod germ. ʻAi paha lākou i kekahi limu. Ma loko o kēia hui ʻike mākou i ka honu leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea), ke kemp a honu ʻoliva paha (Lepidochelys Kempii) a me ka honu pālahalaha (Kaumaha Natator).
- manu kuhukukū hnāhelehele: ka honu ʻōmaʻomaʻo (Chelonia mydas) ʻo ia wale nō ka honu kai honu. Ke makua lākou, hānai wale kēia mau honu i nā limu a me nā mea kanu kai, ʻoiai lākou e ʻai maʻamau i nā holoholona invertebrate i ka wā ʻōpio. ʻO ia ka honu a mākou e ʻike ai ma ke kiʻi.
- honu kai omnivorous: ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku ka manawa o ka manawa a kaukaʻi kā lākou meaʻai i ka mea i loaʻa. ʻAi lākou i ka limu, nā mea kanu, invertebrates a iʻa pū kekahi. ʻO kēia ka hihia o ka honu loggerhead (ʻO Caretta Caretta), ka honu ʻoliva (Lepidchelys olivacea) a me ka honu hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata).
Ma kēia ʻatikala ʻē aʻe e kikoʻī hou aʻe i ka lōʻihi o ke ola o kahi honu.
ʻAha nā honu muliwai?
ʻIke mākou e like me nā honu muliwai nā mea e noho pū me nā kumu wai hou, e like me nā kahawai, nā loko a i ʻole nā poho. Hiki i kekahi o lākou ke noho i nā wai paʻakai, e like me nā estuaries a i ʻole nā kahawai. No kēia kumu, e like me kāu i kuhi mua ai, he aha nā manu kuhukukū hou e ʻai ai pili i kēlā me kēia laha, kahi a lākou e noho ai a me nā meaʻai e kū nei.
ʻO ka hapanui o nā kuhukuku wai, ʻoiai lākou e hoʻopihapiha i kā lākou papaʻai me nā mea kanu liʻiliʻi. Ke liʻiliʻi lākou, ʻai lākou i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me nā larva insect (nā makika, nā lele, nā dragonflies) a me nā mollusc liʻiliʻi a me nā crustacean. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai i nā mea kolo wai e like me nā pahu wai (Naucoridae) a i ʻole nā cobblers (Gerridae). No laila ke nīnau mākou he aha nā honu liʻiliʻi o kēia hui e ʻai, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike he ʻano ʻokoʻa kā lākou meaʻai.
Ke ulu lākou, hoʻopau kēia mau honu i nā holoholona nui aʻe e like me nā larva o crustacean, molluscs, iʻa a me nā amphibians hoʻi. Hoʻohui ʻia, ke hiki i ko lākou wā makua, hoʻopili mau lākou nā limu, nā lau, nā hua a me nā hua i kāu papaʻai. I kēia ala, hiki i nā mea ʻai ke hōʻike i 15% o kāu papaʻai a he mea nui ia no kou olakino.
I kekahi mau kuhukukū, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻai o nā mea kanu, no laila noʻonoʻo lākou honu kai omnivorous. ʻO kēia ka hihia o ka honu kaulana Florida (Trachemis scripta), he mea kolo kūpono loa e hoʻopili pono i kēlā me kēia ʻano meaʻai. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, lilo pinepine ia i ʻano laha malihini kipi.
ʻO ka hope, hānai like kekahi mau ʻano i nā mea kanu, ʻoiai lākou e ʻai i nā holoholona i kekahi manawa. No kēia kumu, noʻonoʻo ʻia lākou manu kuhukukū hoʻoweliweli. ʻO kahi laʻana ka tracajá (ʻO Podocnemis unifilis), nona nā meaʻai punahele ka hua o nā mea kanu leguminous. ʻO nā kuhukukū kahakai kahakai (Pseudemys floridana) makemake i nā macroalgae.
Inā makemake ʻoe e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i ka ʻai a nā honu muliwai, mai haʻalele i kēia ʻatikala ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka honu wai honu.
ʻAno nā honu ʻāina?
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka wai a me nā kuhukukū ʻāina i kā lākou papaʻai. Ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā kuhukū ʻāina (Testudinidae) i ka noho ʻana i waho o ka wai, akā he holoholona lohi nō naʻe lākou, he loea i ka hūnā ʻana. No kēia kumu, ʻo ka hapanui o nā kuhukukū he mau herbivores, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo kāu papaʻai ka hapa nui o nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo nā honu he mau lāhui ʻōlohelohe, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻopau lākou nā lau, nā kumu, nā aʻa a me nā huamai nā mea kanu like ʻole e pili ana i ke kau a me ka loaʻa. ʻO kēia ka hihia o ka honu Mediterranean (Testudo hermanni) a i ʻole ka nunui Galapagos honu (ʻO Chelonoidis spp.). ʻOi aku ka loea o ka poʻe ʻē aʻe a makemake e hoʻopau i kahi ʻano meaʻai.
I kekahi manawa hoʻohui ʻia kēia mau honu hānai i kā lākou papaʻai me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me nā mea kolo a i ʻole nā arthropods ʻē aʻe. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻai ʻia me nā mea kanu me ka hewa ʻole a pololei paha. Ma muli o kona lohi, koho kekahi i kalaiwa, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā holoholona make. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kaʻiʻo ka hapa liʻiliʻi loa o kāu papaʻai.
Ma ka lima ʻē aʻe, inā ʻoe e nīnau iā ʻoe iho he aha ka honu e ʻai ai, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kāu papaʻai i hana like ʻia me nā meaʻai like me ke ʻano o nā mākua. I kēia hihia, aia ka ʻokoʻa ma ka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o ia mea no ka mea aia lākou i kahi kūlana o ka hoʻomohala.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka mea a ka honu e ʻai ai ma ke ʻano a me nā laha, paipai aku mākou i kēia ʻatikala hou aku e pili ana i ka hānai ʻāina.
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me He aha ka ʻai a ka honu?, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Maʻī kaulike ʻaoʻao.