Anter
- Nā pūʻulu holoholona e noho ana i nā ana a me nā lua
- Palaka
- ʻO Guacharo
- peʻa peʻa
- Punawelewele scurion Synopoda
- Mole ʻEulopa
- ʻiole mole olohelohe
- ʻO Rodent Zygogeomys trichopus
- amerika beaver
- Honu spurred honu
- ʻEupolybotrus cavernicolus
- ʻO nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e noho ana i nā ana a lua paha
Ua lanakila ka ʻokoʻa holoholona o ka honua i nā kaiaolaola āpau no kona ulu ʻana, a ua hopena i nā wahi liʻiliʻi ʻole home ʻole kekahi ʻano holoholona. I loko o kēia ʻatikala Peritoanimal makemake mākou e hōʻike iā ʻoe i kahi ʻatikala e pili ana i nā holoholona e noho ana i nā ana, i ʻike ʻia he holoholona ana, a me nā mea e noho ana i nā lua, nā mea i hoʻomohala i nā ʻano e maʻalahi ai ke ola i kēia mau wahi.
ʻEkolu pūʻulu holoholona me adaptations to ana noho a kū kēlā ʻano ʻano e like me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i ke kaiapuni. No laila, aia nā holoholona troglobite, nā holoholona troglophile a me nā holoholona trogloxenous. Ma kēia ʻatikala e kamaʻilio pū mākou e pili ana i kahi hui ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia nā holoholona fossorial.
Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā laʻana like ʻole o holoholona e noho ana i nā ana a me nā lua? No laila e hoʻomau i ka heluhelu!
Nā pūʻulu holoholona e noho ana i nā ana a me nā lua
E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai, aia ʻekolu mau pūʻulu holoholona e noho ana i nā ana. Ma aneʻi e kikoʻī mākou iā lākou:
- holoholona holoholona troglobite: ʻo kēlā mau laha i loko o kā lākou hana hoʻomohala i hoʻololi i ka noho wale ʻana i nā ana a i nā ana. Aia i waena o lākou kekahi o nā annelids, crustacean, insect, arachnids a me nā ʻano iʻa e like me lambaris.
- holoholona holoholona trogloxenous: he mau holoholona i ʻumeʻume ʻia i nā ana a hiki ke hoʻomohala i nā ʻano like ʻole e like me ka hana hou ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i loko o lākou, akā hiki pū lākou i waho o lākou, e like me kekahi ʻano nāhesa, nā koʻokoʻo a me nā opeapea.
- holoholona troglophile: he mau holoholona i hiki ke noho ma waho o ke ana a i loko paha, akā ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻokana no nā ana, e like me nā troglobites. I loko o kēia pūʻulu kekahi ʻano o ka arachnids, nā crustacea a me nā mea kolo e like me nā nalo, nā ʻoka, nā spider a me nā kika moʻo.
Ma waena o nā holoholona e noho nei i nā lua, hōʻike mākou i ka holoholona fossil. ʻO lākou ka poʻe e ʻimi ana a noho ma lalo o ka honua, akā hiki iā lākou ke neʻe i luna, e like me ka ʻiole mole olohelohe, ka pahi, nā salamanders, kekahi meʻa a me kekahi mau ʻano nalo meli a me nā nalo.
A laila, e hālāwai ʻoe i kekahi mau laha i ʻāpana o kēia mau pūʻulu.
Palaka
ʻO ka Proteus (Proteus anguinus) He amphibian troglobite ia e hanu nei i loko o nā gills a loaʻa iā ia ka hiʻona o ka hoʻomohala ʻole ʻana i ka metamorphosis, no laila e mālama ia i nā ʻano larval āpau a hiki i ka wā makua. No laila, ma 4 mau mahina o ke ola, like ke kanaka me ko lākou mau mākua. kēia amphibian ʻo ia wale nō ka lālā o ka genus Proteus a he ʻano like kona me kekahi o nā laʻana o axolotl.
He holoholona ia me kahi kino elongated, a i 40 cm, me kahi ʻano e like me ka nahesa. Loaʻa kēia ʻano i nā wahi kai i lalo o ka wai i ka ʻO Slovenia, ʻItalia, Croatia a me Bosnia.
ʻO Guacharo
ʻO ke guácharo (ʻO Steatornis caripensis) ekahi manu troglophile ʻōiwi i ʻAmelika Hema, i loaʻa ma Venezuela, Colombia, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia a me Ecuador, ʻoiai aia ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka pae ʻāina. Ua ʻike ʻia ia e ka mea kūlohelohe ʻo Alexander von Humboldt ma kekahi o kāna huakaʻi i Venesuela.
ʻO ka guácharo kekahi i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he manu ana ma muli o ka hoʻolilo ʻana i ka lā holoʻokoʻa i kēia ʻano nohona a puka wale i ka pō e ʻai i nā hua. No ka mea ʻo kekahi o nā holoholona holoholona, kahi ʻaʻohe kukui, aia ʻo ia e echolocation a hilinaʻi ʻia i kāna ʻano pilau. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo nā ana āna e noho nei he wahi mākaʻikaʻi ia e hoʻolohe a ʻike ai i kēia manu ʻano ʻē e hele mai i ka wā e hāʻule ana ka pō.
peʻa peʻa
ʻO nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā holoholona ʻōpeʻapeʻa kahi laʻana maʻamau o troglophiles, a me ka peʻa teddy (Miniopterus schreibersii) ʻo ia kekahi o lākou. ʻO kēia mammal o ka nui waena, e ana ana ma kahi o 5-6 knm, he ʻahuʻula manoanoa, ʻāhinahina hina ma ka hope a māmā ma ka wahi ventral.
Hoʻomohele ʻia kēia holoholona mai ke komohana hema o ʻEulopa, ma ke kūkulu ʻākau a me ʻApelika komohana ma waena o ka Hikina Waena a i Caucasus. Kaawe ʻia ia ma nā wahi kiʻekiʻe o nā ana i waiho ʻia i nā wahi e noho ai a me ka maʻamau hānai ma nā wahi kokoke i ke ana.
Inā makemake ʻoe i kēia mau holoholona, e ʻike i nā ʻano opeapea a me ko lākou ʻano ma kēia ʻatikala.
Punawelewele scurion Synopoda
ʻO kēia kahi punawelewele troglobite ʻike ʻia i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ma Laos, i kahi ʻōnaehana ana ma kahi o 100 km. Pili ia i ka ʻohana Sparassidae, kahi hui o arachnids i ʻike ʻia ʻo nā spider crab nunui.
ʻO ke ʻano o kēia punawelewele hopu holoholona ʻo ia kona makapō, no ka noho ʻana paha o ka noho māmā ʻole i loaʻa ai. Ma kēia mea, ʻaʻohe ona maka aniani a pigment. Me ke kānalua ʻole, ʻo ia kekahi o nā holoholona hoihoi loa e noho i nā ana.
Mole ʻEulopa
ʻO kahi mole kahi hui i hoʻopili piha ʻia i ka noho ʻana i nā lua a lākou e ʻeli iho ai i ka lepo. ʻO ka mole ʻEulopa (ʻO talpa ʻEulopa) kahi laʻana o kēia, he a mammal mānoanoa o ka liʻiliʻi, hiki i 15 cm ka lōʻihi.
He ākea kāna laulā hoʻolaha, aia ma ʻEulopa a me ʻAsia. ʻOiai hiki iā ia ke noho i nā ʻano kaiaolaola like ʻole, ʻike pinepine ʻia ia ma nahele ulu (me nā lāʻau deciduous). Kūkulu ʻo ia i kahi moʻo o nā tunnels kahi e neʻe ai a, ma ka lalo, ʻo ia ka pūnana.
ʻiole mole olohelohe
ʻOiai kona inoa kaulana, ʻaʻole like kēia holoholona i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻauhau ʻana me nā mole. ʻO ka ʻiole mole olohelohe (heterocephalus glaber) he koʻokoʻo o ka ola honua ʻike ʻia e ka loaʻa ʻole o ka lauoho, a hāʻawi iā ia i kahi hiʻohiʻona kupaianaha loa. No laila he laʻana maopopo loa ia o nā holoholona e noho ana i nā ana lua. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe kona lōʻihi i loko o ka hui o nā rodents, no ka mea hiki ke ola ma kahi o 30 mau makahiki.
He a kēia holoholona fossorial ʻōnaehana nohona paʻakikī, like me kekahi o nā kolo. I kēia ʻano, aia he mōʻī wahine a me nā limahana he nui, a ʻo ka hope ka luna o ka ʻeli ʻana i nā tunnels a lākou e huakaʻi ai, e ʻimi ana i ka meaʻai a pale aku i nā mea hoʻouka kaua. He ʻōiwi ia no ʻApelika Hikina.
ʻO Rodent Zygogeomys trichopus
Nui ʻino kēia mau holoholona i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā meheu ʻē aʻe, ka hui a lākou e pili ai. I kēia manaʻo, lākou ana ma kahi o 35 cm. Ma muli paha o kona ola ma lalo o ka honua, ua liʻiliʻi kona mau maka.
Is laha hopena i Mekiko, kikoʻī ʻo Michoacán. Noho ia i nā lepo hohonu, e ʻeli ana i nā lua a i 2 mau mika ka hohonu, no laila he fossorial zada species a, no laila, kekahi o nā holoholona i kū i ke ʻano e noho ana i nā lua. Noho ia i nā ululaau mauna e like me ka pine, spruce a me alder.
amerika beaver
ʻO ka Beaver ʻAmelika (Kanaka beaver) manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke koʻokoʻo nui loa ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, e ana ana a 80 cm.Loaʻa iā ia nā ʻano semi-aquatic, no laila hoʻolōʻihi ia i nā manawa lōʻihi i ka wai, hiki ke luu a hiki i 15 mau minuke.
He holoholona ia e hiki ke hoʻololi i ka nohona kahi e waiho ai ia ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā kūmole o ka hui. He loea i kūkulu i kou mau palaoa, no ia mea e hoʻohana ai i nā lāʻau, ka limu a me ka lepo, kahi e kokoke ana i nā kahawai a me nā kahawai kahi i loaʻa ai. He ʻōiwi ia na Kanada, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Mekiko.
Honu spurred honu
ʻO kekahi o nā holoholona e noho ana i nā lua hoihoi loa a hahau hoʻi ka honu i hoʻoulu ʻia ʻApelika (ʻO Centrochelys sulcata), ʻo ia kekahi lāʻano fossorial. He honu ʻāina ia na ka ʻohana Testudinidae. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ke kolu o ka nui loa ma ka honua, me ke kaupaona ʻana o ke kāne a hiki i ka 100 kg a me ka nui o ka iʻa he 85 knm ka lōʻihi.
Hoʻolahalaha nui ʻia ia ma nā wahi like ʻole o ʻApelika a hiki ke loaʻa ma kahi o nā kahawai a me nā kahawai, akā ma nā wahi dune kekahi. ʻO ka maʻamau ma ka ʻili i ke kakahiaka a i ke kau ua, akā no ke koena o ka lā e waiho mau ia i nā lua hohonu e ʻeli ai. a i 15 mau mika. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lua i kekahi manawa ma mua o hoʻokahi mea.
ʻEupolybotrus cavernicolus
ʻO kēia kekahi o nā holoholona e noho ana i nā ana. He ʻano ia o kenikeni troglobite hopena mai nā ana ʻelua ma Croatia i ʻike ʻia he mau makahiki i hala aku nei. Ma ʻEulopa ua kapa ʻia ia ʻo cyber-centipede no ka mea ʻo ia ka eukaryotic species mua i hoʻopiha piha ʻia i ka DNA a me ka RNA, a me nā morphologically a me nā anatomically i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pono holomua.
Ana ʻia ma kahi o 3 knm, he kala e ʻokoʻa mai ka brownish-melemele i brownish-brown. ʻO kekahi o nā ana āna e noho ai ma luna o 2800 mau mika ka loa a aia ka wai i kēia manawa. Aia ka poʻe mua i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma ka honua ma lalo o nā pōhaku, ma nā wahi me ke kukui ʻole, akā ʻo ka ma kahi o 50 mau mika mai ka puka komo, no laila, kekahi o nā holoholona e noho ana i nā ana lalo.
ʻO nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e noho ana i nā ana a lua paha
ʻAʻole wale nā laha i haʻi ʻia ma luna. holoholona holoholona a i ʻole hiki ke ʻeli i nā lua a alakaʻi i kahi ola i lalo. Nui nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e kaʻana like i kēia ʻano. Eia kekahi o lākou:
- Neobisium birsteini: he pseudoscorpion troglobite.
- Troglohyphantes sp.: he ʻano punawelewele troglophile.
- Deep Schaefferia: he ʻano troplobite arthropod.
- ʻO Plutomurus ortobalaganensis: kahi ʻano o ka troplobite arthropod.
- Kāpena Cavical: ʻo kēia kahi coleopter troglophile.
- Oryctolagus cuniculus: ʻo ia ka lāpaki maʻamau, ʻo kekahi o nā holoholona burrowing kaulana loa, no laila, he ʻano fossorial ia.
- Baibacina marmot: ʻo ia ka marmot hina, e noho nei hoʻi i nā lua a he ʻano mōʻī.
- Dipodomys agilis: ʻo ka iole kangaroo, a he holoholona fossorial hoʻi.
- meli meli: ʻo ia ka peʻa maʻamau, kahi ʻano fossorial e noho ana i nā lua.
- Eisenia foetida: koʻu-ʻulaʻula, holoholona fossorial ʻē aʻe.
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me Nā holoholona e noho ana i nā ana a me nā lua, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.