Anter
- Nā ʻano koholā
- Nā ʻano koholā i ka ʻohana Balaenidae
- Nā ʻano kohola i ka ʻohana Balaenopteridae
- Nā ʻano kohola i ka ʻohana Cetotheriidae
- Nā ʻano kohola i ka ʻohana Eschrichtiidae
- ʻO nā ʻano koholā pili loa
ʻO nā koholā kekahi o nā holoholona kupaianaha loa ma ka honua a, i ka manawa like, ʻike liʻiliʻi loa e pili ana iā lākou. ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano kohola nā māmela noho lōʻihi loa ma ka Honua Honua, no laila ua hānau ʻia kekahi o nā kānaka e ola nei i kēia lā i ka 19 kenekulia.
I kēia ʻatikala na PeritoAnimal e ʻike mākou i ehia ʻano koholā aia kekahi, ko lākou ʻano, kahi a nā koholā i ka makaʻu o ka make a me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe he nui.
Nā ʻano koholā
ʻO nā koholā kekahi ʻano cetaceans i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i ka suborder Kupapau, ʻano e ka papa ʻumiʻumi ma kahi o ka niho, e like me nā dolphins, kohola kohola, kohola sperm a i ʻole porpoises (suborder odontoceti). He mau māmela kai lākou, hoʻololi pono i ke ola wai. No ka ʻāina nui kona kūpuna, he holoholona e like me ka hippopotamus o kēia lā.
ʻO ke ʻano o ke kino o kēia mau holoholona ka mea kūpono iā lākou no ke ola o ka wai. Nāu nā peʻa pectoral a me nā dorsal e ʻae iā lākou e mālama i kā lākou kaulike i ka wai a neʻe i loko. Ma ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe o ke kino i loaʻa iā lākou ʻelua puka a i ʻole nā ʻākala ma o lākou e lawe ai i ka ea kūpono e noho ma lalo o ka wai no nā manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ka subaceans cetaceans odontoceti Hoʻokahi wale nō ko lākou ʻaoʻao kupua.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka mānoanoa o kona ʻili a me ka hōʻiliʻili o ka momona ma lalo ona e kōkua i ke koholā i mālama i kahi mahana kino mau ke iho lākou i ke kolamu wai. ʻO kēia, me ke ʻano paukū o kona kino, ka mea e hāʻawi ai i nā ʻano hydrodynamic, a me ka microbiota e noho ana i loko o kāna wahi digestive ma o ka pilina mutualistic, kumu e pohā nā koholā ke make lākou i ke kahakai.
He aha ke ʻano o kēia pūʻulu nā papa ʻumiʻumi i loaʻa iā lākou ma kahi o nā niho, a lākou e hoʻohana ai e ʻai. Ke nahu mai kahi kohola i loko o ka wai ukana paʻa, pani ʻo ia i kona waha a, me kona alelo, pahu aku i ka wai, a koi aku iā ia e hele ma waena o kāna ʻumiʻumi a waiho i nā meaʻai i paʻa. A laila, me kona alelo, ʻohi ʻo ia i nā meaʻai āpau a me nā ale.
ʻO ka hapanui he hina hina i ke kua a keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻōpū, no laila hiki iā lākou ke hele a ʻike ʻole ʻia i ke kolamu wai. ʻAʻohe ʻano o nā koholā keʻokeʻo, ʻo ka beluga wale nō (Nā leucas Delphinapterus), ʻaʻole ia he kohola, akā he dolphin. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā koholā i ʻohana ʻehā, me ka nui o 15 mau laha, a mākou e ʻike ai i nā ʻāpana aʻe.
Nā ʻano koholā i ka ʻohana Balaenidae
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻohana balenid i ʻelua moʻomeheu ola, ka moʻokūʻauhau Balaena a me ke kāne Eubalaena, a ʻekolu a ʻehā paha mau ʻano, ke kaukaʻi ʻia inā pili mākou i nā noiʻi morphological a i ʻole molekole.
Pili kēia ʻohana i ka ʻo nā ʻano mammal ola ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia lākou i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi iwi mua haʻahaʻa i mua o ka iwi, a hāʻawi iā lākou i kēia ʻano hiʻohiʻona. ʻAʻohe o lākou pelu ma lalo o ko lākou waha e hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻonui ke hānai lākou, no laila ke ʻano o ko lākou auwaha ka mea e ʻae iā lākou e ʻohi i ka nui o ka wai me ka meaʻai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻohe o ka fin dorsal o kēia hui holoholona. He ʻano koholā liʻiliʻi lākou, e ana ana ma waena o 15 a me 17 mau mika, a he ʻauʻau mālie.
KA kohola ʻōmaʻomaʻo (Balaena mysticetus), ke ʻano wale nō o kona genus, kekahi o nā mea i hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka ʻō koholā, aia i ka makaʻu o ka make e like me ka IUCN, akā aia wale nō i nā subpopulation e pili ana iā Greenland [1]. I ke koena o ka honua, ʻaʻohe hopohopo no lākou, no laila hoʻomau ʻo Nolewai a me Iapana i ka hopu holoholona. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mammal ola lōʻihi loa ma ka honua, i ola ma kahi o 200 mau makahiki.
I ka hemisphere hema o ka honua, loaʻa iā mākou ka kohola ʻākau hema (Eubalaena Australis), kekahi o nā ʻano koholā ma Chile, kahi mea nui no ka mea ma aneʻi ia, i ka makahiki 2008, ua kūkala ʻia kahi palapala i kahi hoʻomanaʻo kūlohelohe, e hoʻolaha ana i ka ʻāina he "wahi manuahi no ke kohola kohola". Me he mea lā ma kēia wahi ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka nui o kēia ʻano i ke kapu o ka ʻimi holoholona, akā hoʻomau ka make mai ka hihia i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia, ua hōʻoia ʻia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei nā Dominican Seagulls (larus domicanus) ua hoʻonui nui i ko lākou heluna kanaka a, ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa nā kumuwaiwai ʻai, ʻai lākou i ka ʻili ma ke kua o nā koholā ʻōpio a ʻōpio paha, he nui e make ana i kā lākou mau ʻeha.
ʻĀkau o ka Moana ʻAkelanika a ma ka Arctic e noho ana i ka North Atlantic Right Whale a i ʻole kohola basque (Eubalaena glacialis), ka mea i kapa ʻia kona inoa no ka mea ʻo Basque ka mea huli nui i kēia holoholona, e lawe ana iā lākou kokoke i ka make.
ʻO ka lāhui hope loa o kēia ʻohana ka Kohola akau Pacific (Eubalaena japonica), ʻaneʻane make ma muli o ke ʻaihue ʻāpono ʻole e ka mokuʻāina Soviet.
Nā ʻano kohola i ka ʻohana Balaenopteridae
ʻO ʻoe balenoptera a rorquais paha he ʻohana koholā i haku ʻia e kahi zoologist ʻEnelani ma ka British Museum of Natural History i ka makahiki 1864. Ua kiʻi ʻia ka inoa rorqual mai Norewai mai a me ke ʻano "auwai i ka puʻu". ʻO kēia ka hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona o kēia ʻano kohola. I ka iwi ā lalo he mau pelu lākou e hoʻonui ke lawe lākou i ka wai no ka meaʻai, e ʻae iā lākou e lawe i ka nui i ka manawa hoʻokahi; e hana like ia me ke kolo i loaʻa i kekahi mau manu e like me nā pelicans. Hoʻololi ka helu a me ka lōʻihi o nā pelu i kekahi ʻano i kekahi. ʻO ʻoe holoholona nui loa i ʻike ʻia no kēia hui. Hoʻololi kona lōʻihi ma waena o 10 a 30 mau mika.
Ma loko o kēia ʻohana ʻike mākou i ʻelua ʻano: ka genus Balaenoptera, me 7 a 8 mau ʻano a me ka genus Mekiko, me hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano, ka kohola humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae). He holoholona cosmopolitan kēia kohola, aia i kokoke i nā kai a me nā moana āpau. ʻO ko lākou wahi hānai he wai tropika, kahi e neʻe ai mai nā wai anuanu. Me ka Whale ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻĀkau (Eubalaena glacialis), hihia pinepine ʻia i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa. Hoʻomaopopo e ʻae wale ʻia nā koholā humpback e huli ʻia ma Greenland, kahi hiki ke huli ʻia a hiki i ka 10 i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ma ka mokupuni ʻo Bequia, 4 i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo aia he 7 a 8 paha mau ʻano i loko o kēia ʻohana ma muli o ka maopopo ʻole o ka wehewehe ʻana inā e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana rorqual tropical i ʻelua. Balaenoptera eden a Balaenoptera brydei. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia koholā i ka loaʻa ʻana o ʻekolu mau cranial crests. Hiki iā lākou ke ana i 12 mau mika i ka loa a kaupaona ʻia he 12,000 kilo.
ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano koholā ma ke Kaiwaenahonua ʻo Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus). ʻO ia ka koholā nui ʻelua ma ka honua, ma hope o ke kohola polū (ʻO Musenoptera musculus), hiki i 24 mau mika ka lōʻihi. Maʻalahi ke hoʻokaʻawale i kēia koholā ma ke Kaiwaenahonua mai nā ʻano cetaceans e like me ke kohola sperm (ʻO Physeter macrocephalus), no ka mea ke luʻu nei ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kāna fin tail, e like me ka hana o ka hope.
ʻO nā ʻano koholā ʻē aʻe i kēia ʻohana
- Whale Sei (Balaenoptera borealis)
- Whale Whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata)
- Whale Antarctic Minke Whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis)
- Whale Umura (Balaenoptera omurai)
Nā ʻano kohola i ka ʻohana Cetotheriidae
A hiki i kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua manaʻo ʻia ua make ʻo Cetotheriidae i ka Pleistocene mua, ʻoiai ʻo nā noi hou o ʻO ka Royal Society ua hoʻoholo he ola kekahi o kēia ʻohana, ka kohola pygmy kūpono (Caperea marata).
Noho kēia mau koholā i ka hemisphere hema, i nā wahi o ka wai kūpona. Aia kekahi mau mea i ʻike ʻia o kēia ʻano, ka hapanui o ka ʻikepili mai nā kiʻi i hala ʻia mai ka Soviet Union a i ʻole mai nā pae ʻana. Aia kohola liʻiliʻi loa, ma kahi o 6.5 mau mika ka loa, ʻaʻohe ona pelu o ka puʻu, no laila like kona ʻano me ko nā koholā o ka ʻohana Balaenidae. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa iā lākou nā peʻa dorsal pōkole, e hōʻike nei i ko lākou iwi iwi ʻehā mau manamana ma kahi o 5.
Nā ʻano kohola i ka ʻohana Eschrichtiidae
Hōʻike ʻia ka Eschrichtiidae e kekahi ʻano, ka kohola hina (Eschrichtius robustus). Kuhi ʻia kēia kohola i ka loaʻa ʻole o kahi fin dorsal a ma kahi o kahi ʻano o nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi. loaʻa kahi helehelena kakaka, ʻokoʻa i ke koena o nā koholā i helehelena pololei. ʻOi aku ka pōkole o kā lākou ʻumiʻumi ʻāpana ma mua o nā ʻano kohola ʻē aʻe.
ʻO ka kohola hina kekahi o nā ʻano koholā ma Mekiko. Noho lākou mai kēlā wahi a i Iapana, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke ʻimi kū kānāwai. ʻAi kēia mau koholā kokoke i ka lalo o ke kai, akā ma ka papa kuhina, no laila pili lākou i ke kapakai.
ʻO nā ʻano koholā pili loa
ʻO ka International Whaling Commission (IWC) kahi hui i hānau ʻia ma 1942 e hoʻoponopono a pāpā ʻaʻ Holo kohola. ʻOiai nā hana i hana ʻia, a ʻoiai ua hoʻomaikaʻi ke kūlana o nā ʻano he nui, ke hoʻomau nei ke kohola i kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka nalowale ʻana o nā mea momona o ka wai kai.
ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā hoʻokuʻi kaʻa me nā moku nui, nā kuhi pōkole ma r.ʻupena lawaiʻa, hoʻohaumia e DDT (insecticide), haumia ea, ke aniau hoʻololi a dilaweli, ka mea e luku ai i ka lehulehu o krill, ka meaʻai nui no nā koholā he nui.
ʻO nā laha i hoʻoweliweli ʻia a hoʻoweliweli ʻia paha i kēia manawa:
- Whale Blue (ʻO Musenoptera musculus)
- ʻO ka Subpopulation Whale Kākau Hema o Chile-Peru (Eubalaena Australis)
- Whale Akau ʻAkau ʻAkelanika ʻĀkau (Eubalaena glacialis)
- ʻO ke kai subpopulation o nā koholā humpback (Megaptera novaeangliae)
- ʻO koholā Tropical i ke Kai Kūʻono ʻo Mekiko (Balaenoptera eden)
- Whale Blue Antarctic (Balaenoptera musculus Intermedia)
- Whale I know (Balaenoptera borealis)
- Kohola hina (Eschrichtius robustus)
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me Nā ʻano koholā, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.