Anter
- Nā ʻano pi e hana i ka meli
- pi ʻĀulopa
- Pi ʻĀkia
- Piʻipiʻi Dwarf ʻĀsia
- pi piʻo
- Pi piʻo Pilipino
- ʻO ka bee a Koschevnikov
- Piʻipiʻi ʻeleʻele ʻĀkia
- Nā ʻano o nā nalo meli pau ʻole
- Nā ʻano o nā pi Piʻi
- Nā ʻano meli: aʻo hou aʻe
Ma nā pi e hana meli, ʻike ʻia ʻo nalo meli, hoʻohuihui nui ʻia i ka genus Apis. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā nalo meli i loko o ka ʻohana. meliponini, ʻoiai ma kēia hihia he meli ʻokoʻa ia, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka wai, kahi i hoʻohana mau ʻia no nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
I kēia ʻatikala PeritoAnimal, hōʻike mākou iā ʻoe i nā ʻano o nā nalo meli e hoʻopuka i ka meli makemake Apis, me nā mea i make, me ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻano, ko lākou ʻano a me nā kiʻi.
Nā ʻano pi e hana i ka meli
ʻO kēia ka mea nui ʻano o nā nalo meli e hoʻopuka i ka meli:
- Pi piʻo ʻEulopa
- Pi ʻĀkia
- Piʻipiʻi Dwarf ʻĀsia
- pi piʻo
- Pi piʻo Pilipino
- ʻO ka bee a Koschevnikov
- Piʻipiʻi ʻeleʻele ʻĀkia
- Apis armbrusteri
- Apis lithohermaea
- Apis kokoke
pi ʻĀulopa
KA pi ʻĀulopa aiʻole ka meli komohana (Apis mellifera) ʻo ia paha kekahi o nā ʻano nalo meli makemake nui ʻia a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e Carl Nilsson Linneaus i ka makahiki 1758. Aia a 20 mau ʻano i ʻike ʻia a he ʻōiwi ia na ka ʻEulopa, ʻApelika a me ʻAsia, ʻoiai ua pālahalaha ʻia i nā ʻāina āpau, koe wale nō ʻo Antarctica. [1]
Aia kekahi hoihoi waiwai nui ma hope o kēia laha, no ka mea, hāʻawi nui kāna pollination i ka hanaʻai honua, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka meli, pollen, wax, royal jelly a me propolis. [1] Eia naʻe, ka hoʻohana ʻana o kekahi nā pesticides, e like me ka calcium polysulfide a i ʻole Rotenat CE®, hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka laha, ʻo ia ke kumu he mea nui ka pili ʻana i ka mahiʻai mahiʻai a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pesticides non-harm. [2]
Pi ʻĀkia
KA pi ʻĀkia (Apis cerana) like ia me ka pi ʻEulopa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi. He ʻōiwi ʻo ia ma Hikina Hema Asia a noho i nā ʻāina like ʻole Kina, India, Iapana, Malaysia, Nepal, Bangladesh a me Indonesia, Eia nō naʻe, ua hoʻolauna pū ʻia ia ma Papua New Guinea, Australia a me nā mokupuni ʻo Solomon. [3]
Hōʻoia kahi noiʻi hou i kēia ua hōʻemi ke alo o kēia ʻano, ma Afghanistan nui, Bhutan, Kina, India, Iapana a me Kōlea Hema, a me kāna hana ʻana, no ka mea hoʻolilo ululāʻau i nā mahi kāpili a me nā ʻaila niu. Pēlā nō, pili pū ʻia ʻo ia e ka hoʻolauna ʻana o ka Apis mellifera e nā beekeepers Hema Hikina Hema, ʻoiai ke hāʻawi nei i nā huahana ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā pi endemia, ʻoiai ke kumu nei i kekahi nā maʻi ma ka pi ʻĀkia. [3]
He mea nui e hoʻokākala i kēlā Apis nuluensis manaʻo ʻia i kēia manawa he subspecies o Apis cerana.
Piʻipiʻi Dwarf ʻĀsia
KA pi ʻĀkia asian (Apis florea) he ʻano nalo meli i huikau pinepine ʻia me ka Apis andreniformis, no ʻAsuria hoʻi kahi, ma muli o kā lākou like morphological. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e kekahi o nā lālā o mua, ka mea i ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi i ka hihia o ka Apis florea. [4]
Hoʻonui ʻia kēia ʻano ma kahi o 7,000 km mai ka loa. hikina o Vietnam a i ka hikina hema o Kina. [4] Eia nō naʻe, mai ka makahiki 1985, ua ʻike ʻia kona noho ʻana ma ka ʻAinapuni ʻApelika, no muli paha o ka lawe honua. Ma hope ua ʻike ʻia nā kolone ma ka Hikina Waena. [5]
He mea maʻamau ia no nā ʻohana āpau e ola ma ka meli i hana ʻia e kēia mau meli, ʻoiai ʻo kēia ka hopena i kekahi manawa make kolone ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka hoʻokele a me ka ʻike ʻole e pili ana i ka beekeeping. [6]
pi piʻo
KA pi piʻo a i ʻole ka ʻiʻo nunui AsiaApis dorsata) kū nui no kāna nui nui ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā ʻano pi ʻē aʻe, e kū ana ma waena o 17 a 20 mm. Noho i nā wahi tropical a subtropical, ma ka Hikina Hema Asia, Indonesia a me Australia, ke hana nei punana moemoeā i nā lālā lāʻau, aia ma kahi kokoke i nā kumu meaʻai. [7]
Nā hana kolohe intraspecific ʻike ʻia i kēia ʻano i nā wā o ka neʻe ʻana i nā pūnana hou, kikoʻī i waena o nā poʻe e nānā ana i nā wahi like e kūkulu i ka pūnana. I kēia mau hihia, aia nā hakakā hakakā kolohe me nā nahu, nā kumu o ka make o kēlā me kēia kanaka pili. [8]
He mea nui e hoʻokākala i kēlā apis hana manaʻo ʻia i kēia manawa he subspecies o Apis dorsata.
E ʻike pū i nā nāhelehele ʻino loa ma Brazil
Pi piʻo Pilipino
KA Pi piina Pilipino (Apis nigrocincta) aia ma Pilipine a me Indonesia a me nā ana ma waena o 5.5 a me 5.9 mm.[9] He ʻano ia nā pūnana i nā lua, e like me nā hollow log, ana a i ʻole nā hanana kanaka, kokoke kokoke i ka honua. [10]
he ʻano laha ʻike hou ʻia a huikau pinepine me ka Ma kahi kokoke iā Apis, loaʻa iā mākou kahi ʻikepili liʻiliʻi e pili ana i kēia ʻano, akā ʻo ka hoihoi kahi ʻano ia i hiki ke hoʻomaka hives hou i loko o ka makahiki, ʻoiai aia kekahi mau kumu i predispose i kēia, e like me ka predation e nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, ka nele o nā kumuwaiwai a me nā mahana wela loa.[10]
ʻO ka bee a Koschevnikov
KA ʻO ka bee a Koschevnikov (Apis koschevnikovi) he laha hopena i Borneo, Malaysia a me Indonesia, no laila ke kaʻana like nei i kona wahi noho me ka Apis cerana Nuluensis. [11] E like me nā nalo ʻĀkia ʻē aʻe, pūnana ka ʻeneke o Koschevnikov i nā lua, ʻoiai ke ʻano ʻino loa ke kū ʻana i ke kaiapuni. nāhelehele e hoʻokumu ʻia e nā mea kanu o ka ti, aila palama, pehu a me ka niu. [12]
ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano pi ʻē aʻe, ʻano laha kēia ʻano nā kolone liʻiliʻi loa, ka mea e ʻae ai i kona ola ʻana i nā anilā a me nā ua. ʻOiai kēia, mālama maʻalahi ia i nā kumuwaiwai a hana hou i kahi wikiwiki i ka pua. [13]
Piʻipiʻi ʻeleʻele ʻĀkia
KA pi piʻo ʻeleʻele (Apis andreniformis) noho ma Hema Hikina, e hoʻopuni ana iā Kina, ʻInia, Burma, Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia a me nā Pilipino. [14] ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻano meli meli i ʻike maka ʻole ʻia i mau makahiki, no ka mea manaʻo ʻia he ʻāpana o Apis florea, kekahi mea i hōʻole ʻia e kekahi mau noiʻi. [14]
ʻO ia ka nalo meliʻeleʻele o kona ʻano. E hana i kā lākou kolone i ka liʻiliʻi lāʻau a lāʻau paha, ke hoʻohana pono nei i nā mea kanu e ʻike maka ʻole ʻia. Kūkulu mau lākou iā lākou kokoke i ka honua, ma kahi awelika kiʻekiʻe o 2.5 m. [15]
Nā ʻano o nā nalo meli pau ʻole
Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻano pi a mākou i ʻōlelo ai, aia kekahi mau ʻano meli ʻē aʻe i noho hou ʻole i ka honua a noʻonoʻo ʻia pio:
- Apis armbrusteri
- Apis lithohermaea
- Apis kokoke
Nā ʻano o nā pi Piʻi
aia ʻeono ʻano o nā nalo meli i ka moku o Brazil:
- Melipona scutellaris: i kapa ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka uruçu bee, nordestina uruçu a i ʻole urusu, ʻike ʻia lākou no ko lākou nui a no nā bee stingless ʻole. Kūlike lākou i ka Northeast o Brazil.
- Melipona quadrifasciate: a kapa ʻia hoʻi he mandaçaia bee, he kino ikaika a muscular kona ʻano a he ʻano like ia o ka moku hema o ka ʻāina.
- Melipona fasciculata: i kapa ʻia hoʻi ke oho hina, he kino ʻeleʻele kona me nā kaha hina. Kaulana lākou no kā lākou hana meli kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke loaʻa iā lākou ma ka ʻĀkau, ʻĀkau Hikina a me Midwest o ka ʻāina.
- Rufiventris: i kapa ʻia ʻo Uruçu-Amarela, hiki ke loaʻa ʻo tujuba ma ka ʻĀkau Hikina a me Center-Hema o ka ʻāina. Kaulana lākou no kā lākou hana meli kiʻekiʻe.
- Nannotrigone testaceicornis: hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ka bee Iraí, he pi ʻōiwi ia i hiki ke loaʻa ma nā ʻaneʻane āpau o nā ʻāina ʻo Brazil. Hoʻololi maikaʻi lākou i nā wahi kaiāulu.
- ʻO tetragonisca kihi: i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka meli melemele jataí, pi meli gula, jati, namu maoli, he pi ʻōiwi ia a hiki ke loaʻa ma ka ʻaneʻane o Latin America. Kaulana, ʻike ʻia kāna meli e kōkua me nā hana e pili ana i ka ʻike.
Nā ʻano meli: aʻo hou aʻe
He holoholona liʻiliʻi nā pi, akā he mea nui loa e mālama i ke kaulike o ka Honua Honua, ma muli o kā lākou hana nui, he ka pollination ke poʻokela loa. ʻO ia ke kumu, ma PeritoAnimal, hāʻawi mākou i ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i kēia hymenoptera liʻiliʻi me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mea e hiki ke hana inā nalo nā nalo meli.
Manaʻo manaʻo: Inā makemake ʻoe i kēia ʻatikala, e ʻike pū kekahi pehea e hanau ai nā ants.