Anter
- He aha ka hana kope asexual
- Nā ʻano o ka hana hou Asexual me nā laʻana
- 1. Hoʻonui mea kanu:
- 2. Parthenogenesis:
- 3. ʻO Gynogenesis:
- ʻO ka hana hou ʻaihue ma ke ʻano he papahana no ke ola
- Nā holoholona me ka hoʻouluulu asexual
KA hoʻohua hou he hana nui ia no nā meaola a pau, a ʻo ia kekahi o nā hana nui ʻekolu a nā mea ola e loaʻa ai. Me ka hana kope ʻole, e hoʻopau ʻia nā laha āpau i ka make, ʻoiai ʻaʻole pono ke alo o nā wahine a me nā kāne no ka hana hou ʻana. Aia kekahi papahana hoʻohua hānau i kapa ʻia he hānau kope kūʻokoʻa i kūʻokoʻa (ma kahi o nā hihia āpau) o ka moekolohe.
I kēia ʻatikala PeritoAnimal, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana holoholona moekolohe a me kā lākou mau laʻana, e hoʻomaka ana me ka wehewehe o ka huaʻōlelo "hoʻoulu hualoaʻa.
He aha ka hana kope asexual
ʻO ka hoʻouluulu ʻōlohelohe kahi papahana hoʻohua hana ʻia e kekahi mau holoholona a me nā mea kanu, kahi e pono ʻole ai ke alo o ʻelua mau mākua o nā kāne like ʻole. Hana ʻia kēia ʻano hoʻolālā i ka manawa e hānau ai kahi kanaka i kūlike i genetically iā lākou iho. I kekahi manawa hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa ka huaʻōlelo hoʻoulu hou ʻia clonal, e like me ka mea e hāpai ai i nā clone o ka makua.
Pēlā nō, i kēia ʻano hana hānai ʻaʻohe pūnana germ (nā hua a i ʻole sperm) i pili, me ʻokoʻa ʻelua, parthenogenesis a me gynogenesis, a mākou e ʻike ai ma lalo. ma kahi o lākou ʻāpana somatic (nā mea e hana i nā kiko āpau o ke kino) a i ʻole nā hanana kino.
Nā ʻano o ka hana hou Asexual me nā laʻana
Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano a me nā subtypes o ka hānau hānau asexual i nā holoholona, a inā mākou e hoʻopili i nā mea kanu a me nā koʻohune, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o kēia papa inoa. A laila, e hōʻike aku mākou iā ʻoe i nā hoʻolālā hoʻohua hānau hānau maʻamau o nā holoholona i ka honua ʻepekema a, no laila, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
1. Hoʻonui mea kanu:
KA ʻōpuʻu ʻo ia ka hana asexual kope hanau o hihi kai. Hana ʻia ia i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea ʻai i kahi ʻano kikoʻī o ka hunaola i nā ʻāpala. Hoʻopili kēia mau pūnaewele me kahi pale pale, e hana ana i gemmula kipaku ʻia ma hope, e hāpai ana i ka hiona hou.
ʻO kekahi ʻano ʻano mea kanu vegetative ka ʻōpuʻu. Hoʻomaka kahi hui o nā hunaola ma ka ʻili o ka holoholona e ulu a lilo i kanaka hou, a ma hope e hoʻokaʻawale a pili pū paha a lilo i kolone. Hana ʻia kēia ʻano hana kope i hydras.
Hiki i kekahi mau holoholona ke hoʻohua ma ʻāpana māhele. I kēia ʻano hana kope, hiki i kahi holoholona ke hoʻokaʻawale i hoʻokahi a i ʻole nā ʻāpana a mai kēlā me kēia mau ʻāpana e hoʻomohala i kahi kanaka hou.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke laʻana maʻamau loa i ka pōʻaiapuni ola o ka iʻa hōkū, no ka mea ke lilo ka lima iā lākou, me ka hoʻohui i ka hiki ke hana hou iā ia, hana pū kēia lima i kahi kanaka hou, he kālone o ka hōkū kumu.
2. Parthenogenesis:
E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai i ka hoʻomaka, parthenogenesis koi i kahi hua manu akā ʻaʻole sperm. Hiki i ka hua manu ʻole ke hoʻololi i meaola hou. ʻO kēia ʻano hana kope asexual i hōʻike mua ʻia i nā aphids, kahi ʻano kolo.
3. ʻO Gynogenesis:
ʻO Gynogenesis kekahi ʻano hana hou o ka makua ʻole. Pono nā hua i kahi stimulus (ka sperm) e hoʻomohala i kahi embryo, akā ʻaʻole ia e hāʻawi i kāna genome. No laila, he puaʻa ka keiki ma ka makuahine. ʻAʻole pono ka sperm i ʻano like me ka makuahine, kahi ʻano like. kū i loko nā amphibians a me nā televise.
Ma lalo, hōʻike mākou iā ʻoe i kahi laʻana o ka hana hou ʻana o nā ʻāpana i kahi starfish:
ʻO ka hana hou ʻaihue ma ke ʻano he papahana no ke ola
ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā holoholona i kēia hoʻolālā hānau e like me ke ʻano maʻamau o ka hana hou, akā hana wale lākou ia i nā wā pōpilikia, e like me ka wā e loli ai ke kaiapuni, nā mahana wela loa, ka maloʻo, ka nele o nā kāne, nā predation kiʻekiʻe, etc.
Hoʻoemi ka hānau hānau ʻana i ka loli, hiki ke hopena i ka nalowale ʻana o kahi kolone, ka hui a i ʻole ka heluna o nā holoholona inā hoʻomau mau nā loli i ke kaiapuni.
Nā holoholona me ka hoʻouluulu asexual
Hoʻohana nā meaola he nui i ka hana kope asexual e hoʻomau i nā laha ma lalo o nā manawa kūpono. Ma lalo, e hōʻike aku mākou iā ʻoe i kekahi mau laʻana.
- Spongilla alba: he ʻano huahuakai wai hou mai ka ʻāina ʻAmelika, kahi i hiki ke kope ʻia e ʻōpuʻu ke piʻi ka mahana i -10 ° C.
- ʻōlewa kapua: pili i ka phylum o flatworms a i ʻole ʻenuhe hoʻopalahalaha. Noho lākou i ka wai hou a hāʻawi ʻia i loko o ʻEulopa. Hana kope ʻia kēia mau ilo ʻāpana māhele. Inā ʻoki ʻia i mau ʻāpana, lilo kēlā me kēia o lākou i kanaka hou.
- Ambystoma altamirani: a salamander o ke kahawai kuahiwi, a me nā salamanders ʻē aʻe o ka genus Ambystoma, hiki ke hoʻohua e gynogenesis. No Mekiko lākou.
- ʻO Ramphotyphlops braminus: ʻo ka nahesa makapō nā mea mai ʻAsia a me ʻApelika, ʻoiai ua hoʻolauna ʻia ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Is nahesa liʻiliʻi loa, ma lalo o 20 cm, a hoʻopuka hou e parthenogenesis.
- hydra oligactis: hydras kekahi ʻano jellyfish o ka wai hou i hiki ke hoʻohua e ʻōpuʻu. Noho ia i nā wahi mehana o ka hemisphere ʻākau.
I ke wikiō aʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke nānā i ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana o kahi ilo anu, ʻoi aku ka kikoʻī, o ka ʻōlewa kapua:
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me Hana kope ʻaihue i nā holoholona, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.