Hewa ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki - nā ʻōuli a me ka mālama ʻana

Anter

• He aha ka maikaʻi ʻole o ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki?
• Nā kumu o ke kūleʻa ʻole o ka ate Feline
• nā maʻi ate
• Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi
• Toxins
• ʻO Portosystemic Shunt
• Nā ʻōuli o ke kūleʻa ʻole o ke ake i nā pōpoki
• ʻIke o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ate feline
• ʻImi kino
• hoʻāʻo koko
• Kiʻi Kānāwai
• ate biopsy
• Lapaʻau o ke akepaʻa hānai i loko o nā pōpoki
• ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lipidosis hepatic
• Ka mālama ʻana i ka cholangitis neutrophilic
• Lapaʻau Lymphocytic cholangitis
• Hana i nā maʻi lele
• Hoʻomaʻo i nā puʻupaʻa ate
• Lapaʻau shunt Portosystem

Hōʻalo ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki ma ke ʻano he hopena o nā maʻi akepaʻa e pili ana i ka hana ate, e like me ka lipidosis hepatic, cholangitis, amyloidosis a i ʻole nā ​​tumors, akā hiki ke kumu ʻia i nā maʻi keu-hepatic a i ʻole nā ​​toxins.

ʻO nā ʻōuli o kēia mau maʻi āpau he nonspecific a hoʻokomo pū ʻia, me nā mea ʻē aʻe: lethargy, weight loss, loss of gana, hoʻonui i ka wai a me ka luaʻi. I nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hōʻino o ke ake jaundice (nā melemele mucous melemele), encephalopathy hepatic a hiki i ka ascites (hōʻiliʻili o ka wai i loko o ka ʻōpū).

Makemake e ʻike i nā kikoʻī e pili ana i ka Hoka kōpaʻa i nā pōpoki - nā ʻōuli a me ka mālama ʻana? E hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia ʻatikala PeritoAnimal a e ʻike ʻoe i ka maikaʻi o nā maʻi e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i ke ake i kāu feline liʻiliʻi.

He aha ka maikaʻi ʻole o ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki?

Me ka huaʻō o ke akepaʻa kīnā ʻole, kuhikuhi mākou i nā maʻi āpau a me nā kūlana e hoʻololi i ka hana pololei o ke ake o ka pōpoki. Nui a lehulehu nā maʻi e hōʻemi i nā hana ate, kumu mua kekahi a me nā haumāna ʻelua ma muli o nā toxins a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi extrahepatic.

Hoʻopiha ke akepaʻa o nā pōpoki i nā hana he nui, no ka mea he mea nui ia no ka digestion, no ka synthes o bilirubin, glycogen, lipoproteins, albumin a kānana i nā mea ʻawahia. Eia kekahi, ua kāloli ʻia i ke ʻano laka o nā pōpoki, ma o kaʻiʻo i loaʻa iā lākou, i waena o nā meaola ʻē aʻe, taurine a me arginine, he ʻelua mau amino acid pono no nā pōpoki.

Hana ke akepaʻa i nā paʻakai bile mai ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā waikawa bile me ka taurine a me ka arginine, komo i loko o ka synthesist o amonia mai urea a me kona hoʻopau ʻana, no laila, ʻo ka hemahema arginine ka mea e ʻona ai ka amonia i loko o kā mākou pōpoki, e hoʻoulu ai i ka hepatic encephalopathy e make mau ai hopena.

Nā kumu o ke kūleʻa ʻole o ka ate Feline

Hiki ke kumu o ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki e nā kumu like ʻole, e like me nā maʻi ate pono, nā maʻi infectious, nā maʻi i loko o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka ake o ka pōpoki, a i ʻole nā ​​toxins:

nā maʻi ate

Aia kekahi mau maʻi akepaʻa e hiki ke hoʻopili i ke ake o ka pōpoki a no laila hoʻomohala i kahi lawa ʻole a ʻoi ʻole paha o ka lawa ʻole:

• lipidosis ate: i kapa ʻia he ake momona, aia kahi infiltration momona i loko o nā hunaola ate feline e hana ana i kāna hana, he mea make paha ia no kā mākou felines. Hana ʻia ia i nā pōpoki keu kaupaona e ʻai ʻole no ʻelua a ʻekolu paha mau lā no kekahi kumu, e hoʻokuʻu ana i ka momona mai kā lākou hale kūʻai kino i ke koko a hiki i ke ake. Hiki ke kumu ʻia no ka mea, ke pau ka ʻai ʻana, ʻaʻole synthesize lākou i nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hoʻoneʻe i nā triglycerides mai loko mai o ke ake a pale paha i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā waikawa momona e ka deficit carnitine, i loaʻa ma o nā amino acid pono e pono ai ka pōpoki e hele me kāu papaʻai. ʻO nā kumu kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hana iā ia ʻo cholangitis, pancreatitis, gastrointestinal a i ʻole endocrine maʻi (hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus).
• ʻO cholangitis Neutrophilic: ka hoʻohaunaele o nā aʻa o ke ake mai ka maʻi maʻi bacteria gastrointestinal (ʻO Escherichia coli, streptococci a i ʻole clostridia). Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia me ka maʻi ʻōpū a me / a i ʻole pancreatitis, maʻamau kēia i nā pōpoki a kapa ʻia ʻo ka feline triad, no ka mea ke alakaʻi pū nei ke akepaʻa a me nā pancreatic i ka ʻōpū, no laila hiki i nā maʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū a i ʻole pancreas ke hoʻopili i ke ake.
• cholangitis lymphocytic: he maʻi kūlohelohe holomua hoʻomau me ka lymphocyte infiltration.
• Hepatical cirrhosis: ʻike ʻia ma ka hopena o kahi maʻi akepaʻa mau a kū i ke ʻano o fibrosis, nodules regeneration normal a me nā vastast anastomoses o ka pūnae puka.
• amyloidosis: i loko o ka waiho o ka protein amyloid i loko o ke ake, i hiki ke haki iā ia, e kahe ana ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpū (hemoabdomen). Hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā meaola ʻē aʻe, e like me ka puʻupaʻa, a he pane maʻamau ia i ka mumū mau. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia ia ma ka pōpoki Abyssinian, Siamese a me Oriental.
• puʻupuʻu ate: kākaʻikahi i loko o nā pōpoki, ʻo ka mea nui i lilo ʻia he carcinoma bile duct. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā lymphomas i ke akepaʻa, akā ʻike pinepine mākou iā lākou ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe.

Nā maʻi maʻi maʻi

Ma waena o nā maʻi maʻi hiki ke hōʻeha i ke ake i nā pōpoki, hōʻike mākou:

• PIF: ma ke kūkulu ʻana i nā pyogranulomas i ke akepaʻa i ke ʻano maloʻo o ka maʻi.
• toxoplasmosis: e ka hepatocyte nekrosis (make o nā hunaola ate) a me ka pehu.

Toxins

Loaʻa nā pōpoki i hemahema enzyme hoʻohua metabolizing hoʻoilina ʻaʻano, ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka hoʻopili ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau a i ʻole ko lākou metabolites me ka waikawa glucuronic e hoʻomaka me kā lākou metabolism a hoʻopau. ʻO kekahi mau lāʻau e hoʻohana i kēia ala a ʻaʻole pono e lawelawe ʻia i kā mākou mau pōpoki no ka mea ʻona ia a hiki ke hana i ka nerosros ate, ʻo: acetaminophen, ibuprofen a me aspirin. ʻO nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe i loaʻa ka ʻāpiki ate i nā pōpoki he methimazole, tetracyclines, diazepam, L-asparaginase a me doxorubicin.

ʻO Portosystemic Shunt

Aia ia i kahi hoʻololi i ka holo o ka ake o ka pōpoki o ke kumu hānau na ka ke ola o kahi kīʻaha koko hou aʻe pili ia i ka vein portal a me ka caudal vena cava (ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana), no laila hiki i ke akepaʻa kekahi mau mea ʻona mai ka ʻōpū akā ʻaʻole i kānana ʻia ma o ke kamaʻilio vascular, a laila hele pololei i loko o ke kahe holoʻokoʻa, a hopena i nā mea ʻino i ka lolo. Eia kekahi, ma ke ʻano he hopena o kēia, atrophies ke akepaʻa, e hoʻēmi nei i kona nui a hana i ka holo ʻole o ke ake.

I waena o lākou āpau, ʻo nā maʻi i kumu pinepine ʻole i ke kīpē ma nā ʻano feline he lipidosis hepatic a me cholangitis.

Nā ʻōuli o ke kūleʻa ʻole o ke ake i nā pōpoki

Nā Hōʻailona o Feline Failure Failure unspecific, kaukaʻi ʻia i ke kaʻina hana i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ia a me kona koʻikoʻi, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kekahi mau kumu, e like me ka jaundice i loko o nā pōpoki.

• Ka nele i ka makemake
• Kaumaha emi
• Lethargy
• ka luaʻi
• Pohā
• ʻAnorexia
• polydipsia
• disuria
• Kaumaha
• Apathy
• ʻO Jaundice
• Ascites

I nā hihia o ka hepatic encephalopathy ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā toxins i kānana ʻole ʻia e ke akepaʻa, ka hopu ʻana, ka makapō, ka hypersalivation, nā loli o ka lawena, ka huhū, ka stupor a me ke koma pū kekahi e ʻike ʻia.

ʻIke o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ka ate feline

ʻO ke kuhi ʻana i nā maʻi e hiki ai ke hōʻeha i ke ake i loko o kā mākou pōpoki ua hoʻopau ʻia ma o ka mōʻaukala maikaʻi, ka hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, ke koko a me ka hoʻokalakupua biochemical, ultrasound a me nā biopsies.

ʻImi kino

I ka wā o ka anamnesis a me ka ninaninau ʻana i ka feline, pono mākou e nānā a nīnau i ke kumu aʻo e pili ana i nā hōʻailona olakino e hōʻike nei, e nānā i ke kūlana hydration, coat, kūlana mucosal e nānā i kahi kiʻi o ka jaundice a me ke ʻano o ke kino, a me ka palpation a ka holoholona a me e ʻimi inā loaʻa ke kino o ka lua o ka ʻōpū e hōʻike ana i nā ascites. ʻO Jaundice a me ascites kekahi o nā hōʻailona hope loa o ka maʻi ate i ka pōpoki, ʻo ia ka kikoʻī o ke kūleʻa ʻole o ke ake.

hoʻāʻo koko

Hana ʻia kahi helu koko piha a me ka biochemistry o ke kō o ka pōpoki. I loko o ia mea e nānā lākou i nā māka o ka hana a me ka maʻi ate.

• nā hōʻailona maʻi ate: ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā enzyme ALT a me AST e hōʻike nei i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka cell i loko o ke ake, ʻoiai he awelika ke ola o kekahi mau hola i ka pōpoki, inā ʻaʻole mākou e ʻike ua hoʻonui ʻia, ʻaʻohe kumu e loaʻa ʻole ai ka maʻi ate. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā enzyme ALP a me GGT i alakaʻi i nā mea hou aku i ka pōʻino i nā aʻa aʻa a me nā canaliculi, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana ʻo GGT wale nō ke alakaʻi i ka nui o ka hōʻino o ke ake.
• Nā māka hana ʻo ke ake: ua loli kēia i ka wā e holo nui ai ke akepaʻa, ke hyperbilirubinemia (hoʻonui bilirubin), hypoglycemia (haʻahaʻa glucose), hypoalbuminemia (low albumin), hyper a hypocholesterolemia (hoʻemi a hoʻonui paha i ka kolesterol) a hoʻonui i ka manawa o ka hoʻopili ʻana (ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka wikamina K) . ʻO ka bilirubin māhuahua i ka loaʻa ʻole o ka hemolytic anemia a i ʻole ka maʻi pancreatic kahi hōʻailona maikaʻi o ka hōʻino ʻole o ke ake, a ma mua o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ke aniani, loaʻa mau nā pōpoki i ka bilirubinuria (bilirubin i ka mimi) i pathological mau i kēia laha. Inā maʻamau ka bilirubin, ʻo ka māka nui a makaʻāina hoʻi no ka ʻike ʻana i ka holo ʻole o ke ake i nā pōpoki ka hoʻonui ʻia o nā waikawa bile i ka wā e hoʻokē ʻai ai i loko o ʻelua mau hola o ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai.

Kiʻi Kānāwai

ʻO ke kikoʻī, ʻo ka hana kūpono i kēia mau hihia ka ultrasoundʻōpū, ʻoiai maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻole o nā loli ke loaʻa ka maʻi maʻi akepoki i ka pōpoki. I kekahi mau hihia, nā lehelehe kikoʻī, hoʻonui ʻia ke ake me ka hyperechoic parenchyma (keʻokeʻo i ke kiʻi) i manaʻo ʻia he lipidosis, hiki ke nānā ʻia ka dilatation o ke aʻa e hōʻike ana i ka cholangitis, a i ʻole ka vascularization no ke kuhi ʻana o nā shunts portosystem.

ate biopsy

ʻO ke kuhi definitive o nā maʻi he nui e hōʻeha ana i ka maʻi ate i nā pōpoki i loaʻa ma o a hoʻopaʻa ʻaʻano anatomopathological e ka hana ʻana i nā biopsies. Eia nō naʻe, i nā hihia o ka lipidosis hiki ke ʻike ʻia e nā ʻanuʻu o mua a me ka cytology ate maikaʻi-nila (FAP), kahi e ʻike ʻia ai nā hunaola momona he nui, ʻoiai e pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia e noho pū paha ia me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, no laila ʻaʻole e wehewehe pono ana, e koi ana i ka biopsy. I nā hihia i manaʻo ʻia ʻo cholangitis, hiki ke loaʻa i ka bile mai kēia mau kahawai no ka cytology a me ka moʻomeheu, me ka ʻole o kahi biopsy i nā hihia o neutrophilic cholangitis.

Lapaʻau o ke akepaʻa hānai i loko o nā pōpoki

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ke kūpaʻa ʻole o ke ake i nā pōpoki paʻakikī a kaukaʻi ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​maʻi e noho like ana i ka holoholona. Pono e mālama pono ʻia kēlā me kēia o kēlā me kēia manawa i kahi kaʻawale a ʻike ʻia e nā ʻōuli. Ma lalo, e papa inoa mākou i nā ʻano hana kūpono e hiki ai, e like me kekahi o nā lāpelu ate e kōkua nui iā ʻoe.

ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka lipidosis hepatic

Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka lipidosis hepatic i nā pōpoki? He maʻi nui loa ʻo Lipidosis e pono ai ke ʻike a mālama ʻia i ka wanaʻao e hoʻopakele ai i kā mākou pōpoki, a laila hiki ke hoʻōla ʻia. Hoʻokumu nui ʻia kāu therapy ma:

• mea hoʻowaiʻai komo me ka esophagostomy a i ʻole nasogastric Tube (hoʻonui ʻia e 25% i kēlā me kēia lā a hiki i ka kcal o kēlā me kēia lā e pono ai ka pōpoki i ka lā ʻehā).
• wai hoʻoheheʻe wai me nā aniani isotonic i hoʻohui ʻia me ka potassium, inā pono.
• Nā mea hoʻopili a me nā huaora kūpono. taurine (e pale a mālama ʻole i ke kīnā ʻole), L-carnitine (e hoʻonui i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa o nā mea momona momona) a nā wikamina E (antioxidant), ʻO B lāua ʻo K (e mālama i ka coagulopathy ma muli o kona hemahema).
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka encephalopathy hepatic, pono e lawelawe ʻia lactulose hui waha ʻia me antibiotic e like me amoxicillin a i ʻole metronidazole. ʻO lākou nā koho lapaʻau ʻoi loa e mālama i kēia pilikia o ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki.
• E hoʻopiha hou i nā mālama glutathione i nalowale e pale aku ai i nā ʻokena oxidizing, pono e lawelawe ʻia N-acetyl-cysteine mālie intravenously. Pono e hāʻawi ʻia nā antiemetics, nā pale gastric, nā stimulants makemake, a me ka buprenorphine e kaohi i ka ʻeha inā pili ʻia ka pancreatitis.

Ka mālama ʻana i ka cholangitis neutrophilic

ʻO nā hoʻoponopono kūpono e lawelawe ʻia ʻo ia nā antibiotics, no 4-6 mau pule, me ka moʻomeheu mua a me ka antibiogram (cephalosporins, amoxicillin-clavulanic, fluoroquinolones, metronidazole). Inā maikaʻi ʻole ka pane, pono e hoʻohui ʻia steroid. Aia i ka paʻakikī, a lāʻau lapaʻau kākoʻo me:

• Hoʻoulu wai.
• Meaʻai komo.
• Nā Antiemetics.
• Ursodeoxycholic acid e hoʻonāukiuki i ka huna biliary, akā hāʻawi ʻia ʻaʻohe mea keakea, i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory a me antifibrotic.
• ʻO nā Antioxidant e like me S-Adenosyl Methionine (SAMe) a me ka Wikamina E e hoʻēmi i ka pilikia o ka maʻi oxidative.
• Nā mea hoʻopihaʻai a me nā huaora.

Lapaʻau Lymphocytic cholangitis

Nā Antibiotics a me prednisolone lawelawe ʻia i nā kiʻekiʻena (2-3 mg / kg / 24 mau hola) me ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi hoʻoliʻiliʻi holomua e like me ka pane a me ke kōkua kōkua e like me nā neutrophil. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka pane i ka prednisolone, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe no nā pōpoki, e like me nā immunosuppressants e like me clrambucil.

Hana i nā maʻi lele

I nā maʻi o ka maʻi infectious, pono e mālama ʻia ka maʻi a pale ʻia ke akepaʻa o ka pōpoki me nā antioxidant (SAMe, wikamina E), lawelawe ʻia ka waikawa ursodeoxycholic a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōuli me nā antiemetics, ka hoʻowalewale wai, nā mea hoʻonāukiuki a i ʻole ka hānai komo ʻana, ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha a me nutritional a me ka wikamina nā mea hoʻohui.

Hoʻomaʻo i nā puʻupaʻa ate

I nā hihia neoplasms, nā kuʻina no chemotherapy i hoʻomaʻa ʻia i ka tumo a, i nā tumors hemo, ʻoki kino.

Lapaʻau shunt Portosystem

ʻO ka lapaʻau i hōʻike ʻia ka ʻoki kino, akā ʻaʻole maikaʻi ke hele ma mua a pono pono e hoʻokūpaʻa iā ia me nā lāʻau ʻalopika, lactulose a me ka papaʻai protein haʻahaʻa.

I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻōuli o ke kūpaʻa ʻole o ke ake i nā pōpoki a ʻike nō hoʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me nā lāʻau ʻoi loa no ka akepa o ka pōpoki, makemake paha ʻoe i kēia wikiō e pili ana i nā maʻi maʻamau he 10 i nā felines.

ʻO kēia ʻatikala no ka ʻike wale nō, ma PeritoAnimal.com.br ʻaʻole hiki iā mākou ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau lāʻau a hana paha i kekahi ʻano o ke kuhi. Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e lawe i kāu pipi i ka kauka holoholona inā loaʻa kekahi ʻano o ke ʻano a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha.

Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me Hewa ke akepaʻa i nā pōpoki - nā ʻōuli a me ka mālama ʻana, paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou ʻāpana pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe.