pehea e hoʻohua ai ka iʻa

Mea Kākau: Laura McKinney
Lā O Ka Hana: 2 Apelila 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 17 Nowemapa 2024
Anonim
What are they hiding from humanity? Free energy?
Wikiō: What are they hiding from humanity? Free energy?

Anter

I ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka embryonic o kekahi holoholona, ​​lawe ʻia nā hana koʻikoʻi no ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o kekahi kanaka hou. ʻO nā hemahema a kuhi hewa paha i kēia wā hiki ke hōʻeha i nā keiki, e like me ka make ʻana o ka fetal.

Kaulana ka hoʻomohala embryonic o ka iʻa, mahalo i ka maopopo o kā lākou mau hua a hiki ke nānā ʻia ke kaʻina holoʻokoʻa mai waho e hoʻohana ana i nā mea kani e like me ke aniani hoʻonui. I kēia ʻatikala na PeritoAnimal e aʻo mākou i kekahi mau manaʻo e pili ana i ka embryology a, ʻo ia hoʻi, e pili ana pehea e hoʻohua ai ka iʻa: ulu embryonic.

Hoʻomohala Embryonic o nā iʻa: nā manaʻo maʻamau

No ke hoʻokokoke ʻana i ka hoʻomohala embryonic o ka iʻa, pono mua mākou e ʻike i kekahi mau manaʻo maʻamau o ka embryology, e like me nā ʻano o nā hua a me nā pae e hana i ka ulu mua embryonic.


Hiki iā mākou ke ʻimi ʻokoʻa ʻano o nā hua manu, e like me ke ala i hāʻawi ʻia ai ke keiki bipi (nā mea pono kūpono i loko o ka hua manu o nā protein i loaʻa, lectin a me kolesterol) a me kāna nui. E hoʻomaka, e kāhea mākou i ka hopena o ka hui ʻana o kahi hua manu a me kahi sperm ma ke ʻano he hua manu, a ma ke ʻano he keiki bipi, ka pūʻulu o nā meaola i loko o ka hua manu a e lilo ia i meaʻai no ka embryo e hiki mai ana.

Nā ʻano hua e like me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka bipi keiki i loko:

  • hua moa kaʻawale: loaʻa ka bipi keiki i ka mahele kaulike ʻia ma loko o ka hua manu. ʻO ka maʻamau o nā holoholona poriferous, cnidarians, echinod germ, nemertines a me nā mea hānai manu.
  • telolect hua: hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka yolk i kahi o ka hua manu, ma kahi ʻaoʻao o kahi e ulu ai ka embryo. Hoʻomohala ka hapa nui o nā holoholona mai kēia ʻano hua manu, e like me molluscs, iʻa, amphibians, nā mea kolo, nā manu, a pēlā aku.
  • Nā hua hua Centrolecitos: hoʻopuni ʻia ka yolk e ka cytoplasm a ʻo kēia, a puni, e hoʻopuni ana i ka nucleus e hāpai i ka embryo. Kū i loko o nā arthropods.

Nā ʻano o nā hua e like me ka nui o ka veal:

  • hua oligolectics: liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi lākou keiki bipi.
  • hua hua mesolocyte: Ka liʻiliʻi me ka nui o ka veal.
  • hua moa macrolecite: he mau hua nui lākou, me ka nui o ka ʻūlū.

Nā pae maʻamau o ka ulu ʻana o ka embryonic

  • Hoʻokaʻawale: i kēia kaʻina, loaʻa kahi mahele o nā mahele pūnaewele e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā hunaola e pono ai no ka pae ʻelua. Pau ia i kahi mokuʻāina i kapa ʻia he blastula.
  • Gastrulation: aia kahi hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana o nā hunaola blastula, e hāpai ana i nā blastod germ (nā papa germ germ primitive) ʻo ia ka ectoderm, ka endoderm a, i kekahi mau holoholona, ​​ka mesoderm.
  • ʻO ka ʻokoʻa a me ka organogenesis: e hoʻokumu ʻia nā aʻa a me nā mea mai nā papa germ, e hana ana i ke ʻano o ka mea hou.

Pehea e hoʻohua ai ka iʻa: hoʻomohala a me ka mahana

Pili ka pilina i ka manawa incubation o nā hua i loko o ka iʻa a me kā lākou ulu embryonic (ʻo ka mea like i nā ʻano holoholona ʻē aʻe). Aia kekahi maʻa mau pae palena ʻoi loa no ka hoʻouluulu ʻana, kahi e ʻokoʻa ai ma kahi o 8ºC.


ʻO nā hua i hoʻoulu ʻia i loko o kēia pae e loaʻa ka manawa nui o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hatching. Pēlā nō hoʻi, nā hua i hoʻouluulu ʻia no nā wā lōʻihi i nā mahana wela loa (ma waho o ka laulā maikaʻi loa o nā laha) e loaʻa kahi haʻahaʻa paina hiki a inā hatch, pilikia paha nā mea i hānau ʻia nā anomali koʻikoʻi.

Hoʻomohala embryonic o nā iʻa: pae

I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ke kumu o ka embryology, e hoʻopili mākou i ka ulu ʻana o ka iʻa embryonic. iʻa he telolectic, ʻo ia hoʻi, hele mai lākou mai nā hua telolecite, ʻo ka poʻe i loaʻa ka yolk i neʻe i kahi o ka hua manu.

Ma nā kumuhana aʻe e wehewehe mākou pehea ka hana hou ʻana o ka iʻa.

Pehea e hoʻohua ai ka iʻa: pae zygotic

Noho ka hua moa hou i ka mokuʻāina zygote a i ka mahele mua. Aia ka manawa kokoke i kēia mahele i ka laha a me ka mahana o ke kaiapuni. I ka iʻa zebra, Danio rerio (ka iʻa i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka noiʻi ʻana), puni ka mahele mua 40 mau minuke ma hope o ka hoʻouluulu. ʻOiai me he mea lā i kēia manawa ʻaʻohe hoʻololi, i loko o nā hanana hoʻoholo hua manu no ka hoʻomohala hou aʻe.


Hālāwai: Iʻa hanu mai ka wai

Hana hou iʻa: wā hoʻokaʻawale

Komo ka hua manu i ka mahele hoʻokaʻawale ke hiki mai ka mahele mua o ka zygote. I ka iʻa, ka mahele meroblastic, no ka mea, ʻaʻole hele ka mahele i ka hua manu, no ka mea, ua ʻākeʻake ʻia e ka moa, ke kaupalena ʻia nei ia i ka wahi kahi o ka embryo. Kūleʻa a kaulike nā mahele mua i ka embryo, a wikiwiki a hoʻopili pū ʻia. Hāpai lākou i kahi puʻu o nā pūnaewele i kau ʻia ma luna o ka bipi keiki, ʻo ia ka blastula hōʻoki.

Hana hou iʻa: pae gastrulation

I ka wā o ka gastrulation, kahi hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o nā hunaola blastula discoidal e kū ʻia e neʻe morphogenetic, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka ʻike i loaʻa i loko o nā nukelea o nā hunaola ʻē aʻe i hana ʻia, i kope ʻia i kahi ala e hoʻoikaika ai i nā hunaola e loaʻa kahi hoʻonohonoho hou ākea. I ka hihia o ka iʻa, kāhea ʻia kēia hoʻoponopono hou ʻana hooikaika kino. Pēlā nō, kuhi ʻia kēia pae e ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka helu o ka mahele o ke kelepona a me ka ulu ʻana o ka pūnaewele.

I ka wā o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana, neʻe kekahi mau pūnaewele o ka discoblastula a i ʻole blastula discoidal i ka yolk, e hana ana i kahi papa ma luna ona. ʻO kēia papa ka endoderm. ʻO ka papa o nā hunaola i koe i ka puʻu e hana i ka ectoderm. I ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana, e wehewehe ʻia ka gastrula a i ʻole, i ka hihia o ka iʻa, ka discogastrula, me kāna mau papa germ ʻelua a i ʻole blastod germ, ka ectoderm a me ka endoderm.

E ʻike hou aʻe e pili ana i: iʻa wai paʻakai

Hana hou iʻa: ʻokoʻa a me ka pae organogenesis

I ka wā ʻokoʻa o ka iʻa, ʻike ʻia ke kolu o ka embryonic layer, aia ma waena o ka endoderm a me ka ectoderm, i kapa ʻia mesoderm.

Hoʻokomo ka endoderm i mea e hana ai i kahi lua i kapa ʻia archentor. E kāhea ʻia ka puka o kēia lua blastopore a e hopena i ka ihu o ka iʻa. Mai kēia kuhi, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka vesicle cephalic (lolo i ka hoʻokumu ʻana) a, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, ka ʻōiwi optical (nā maka e hiki mai ana). Ma hope o ka vesicle cephalic, ka paipu neural hana ia a, ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua, nā somites, nā hale e hana hope i nā iwi o ka iwi kuamoʻo a me nā iwi ʻaoʻao, nā mākala a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

I loko o kēia wā, e hoʻopau ana kēlā me kēia papa germ i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​ʻaʻa, no laila:

ectoderm:

  • Epidermis a me ka ʻōnaehana ʻōnaehana;
  • Hoʻomaka a me ka hopena o ka digestive tract.

mesoderm:

  • Dermis;
  • Musculature, excretory a me nā mea hoʻohua hānau;
  • Celoma, peritoneum a me ka ʻōnaehana puni.

endoderm:

  • Nā lālā e pili ana i ka digestion: epithelium o loko o ka digestive tract a me nā gne adnexal;
  • Mālama ʻo Organs i ka hoʻololi o ke kinoea.

Heluhelu pū kekahi: ʻO ka iʻa Betta hānau

Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me pehea e hoʻohua ai ka iʻa, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.