bea ʻeleʻele

Anter

• ke kumu o ka bea ʻeleʻele
• ʻO ka helehelena a me nā ʻano kino o ka bear ʻeleʻele
• hana ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele
• hoʻoulu kele ʻeleʻele
• Ke kūlana mālama o ka bear ʻeleʻele

ʻ bea ʻeleʻele (ursus americanus), ʻike ʻia ʻo ka bear ʻeleʻele ʻAmelika a i ʻole baribal, kekahi o nā ʻano bear a maʻamau a emblematic ma ʻAmelika Hema, ʻo ia hoʻi mai ka Kanada a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike paha ʻoe iā ia e hōʻike ʻia i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni a i ʻole nā ​​moʻoukala ʻAmelika. I kēia ʻano o PeritoAnimal, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā kikoʻī a me nā ʻike e pili ana i kēia mammal terrestrial nui loa. E heluhelu e aʻo a pau e pili ana i ke kumu o ka bear ʻeleʻele, helehelena, hana a me ka hana hou ʻana.

Punawai

• ʻAmelika
• Kanaka
• U.S

ke kumu o ka bea ʻeleʻele

ʻo ka bea ʻeleʻele he lāhui mammal ʻāina o ka ʻohana o nā bea, ʻōiwi o ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Mai ka ʻākau o ka Kanada a me ʻĀkelika i ka moku ʻo Sierra Gorda o Mekiko, me ke kahakai ʻo ʻAkelanika a me ka Pākīpika o ka U.S. Loaʻa ka manaʻo nui o kēlā me kēia kanaka i loko o nā ululāʻau a me nā wahi mauna o Kanada a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi i pale ʻia i kēia manawa. Ma nā panalā ʻo Mekiko, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka heluna kanaka a kau palena ʻia i nā wahi mauna i ka ʻākau o ka ʻāina.

Ua wehewehe mua ʻia kēia ʻano i ka 1780 e Peter Simon Pallas, kahi alakaʻi loea Kelemania a me ka botanist. I kēia manawa, ʻike ʻia he 16 mau ʻāpana o ka bear ʻeleʻele a, ʻo ka mea hoihoi, ʻaʻole a pau o lākou i huluhulu ʻeleʻele. E ʻike wikiwiki kāua i ka 16 mau ʻāpana o ka bear ʻeleʻele ka mea e noho ana ma ʻAkau ʻAkau:

• ʻO Ursus americanus altifrontalis: noho i ke kūkulu ʻākau a me ke komohana o ka Pākīpika, mai British Columbia a i Idaho ʻākau.
• ʻO Ursus americanus ambiceps: Loaʻa ma Colorado, Texas, Arizona, Utah, a me Mexico ʻākau.
• ʻO Ursus americanus americanus: Noho ia i nā ʻaoʻao hikina o ka Moana ʻAkelanika, ma ka hema a ma ka hikina o Kanada, a me Alaska, ma ka hema o Texas.
• ʻO Ursus americanus californiaiensis: Loaʻa ia ma ke awāwa waena o Kaleponi a me ka hema o Oregon.
• ʻO Ursus americanus carlottae: noho wale ma Alaska.
• ʻO Ursus americanus cinnamomum: noho i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma nā mokuʻāina ʻo Idaho, Montana Komohana, Wyoming, Wakinekona, Oregon a me ʻUtaha.
• ursus americanus emmonsii: Loaʻa ma Alaska Hikina Hema wale nō.
• Ursus americanus eremicus: kaupalena ʻia kona heluna kanaka ma ka hikina hikina o Mekiko.
• ʻO Ursus americanus floridanus: noho i nā mokuʻāina ʻo Pololika, Keokia a me ʻAlapika hema.
• Ursus americanus hamiltoni: he ʻohana ʻohana endemeke o ka mokupuni ʻo Newfoundland.
• Ursus americanus kermodei: noho i ke kai waena o British Columbia.
• Ursus americanus luteolus: he ʻano laha o ka hikina o Texas, Louisiana a me ka hema ʻo Misisipi.
• urhetus americanus machetes: noho wale ma Mekiko.
• ursus americanus perniger: he ʻano laha i ka Kenai Peninsula (Alaska).
• Ursus americanus pugnax: Noho wale kēia bea ma ka Alexander Archipelago (Alaska).
• Ursus americanus vancouveri: noho wale ʻo Wanekowa ʻAilana (Kanada).

ʻO ka helehelena a me nā ʻano kino o ka bear ʻeleʻele

Me kāna mau lālā he 16, ʻo ka bea ʻeleʻele kekahi o nā ʻano bear me ka ʻokoʻa morphological nui loa i waena o kāna poʻe. Ma ka maʻamau, ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i a bea kaha nui, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui ma mua o nā bear brown a me nā bear polar. Aia ma waena o nā bea ʻeleʻele mākua 1.40 a me 2 mau mika ka loa a kahi kiʻekiʻe ma nā mea mae ma waena o 1 a me 1.30 mau mika.

Hiki ke loli ke kaumaha o ke kino ma muli o nā subspecies, ka wahine, ka makahiki a me ka manawa o ka makahiki. Hiki i nā wahine ke kaupaona mai 40 a 180 kg, ʻoiai ke kaumaha o nā kāne ma waena o 70 a me 280 kg. Hiki i kēia mau bea ke kau i ko lākou kaupaona nui i ka wā o ka hāʻule, ke pono lākou e hoʻopau i kahi nui o nā meaʻai e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hoʻoilo.

Aia ke poʻo o ka bea ʻeleʻele a maka pili pono, me nā maka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele, kahi waha a me nā pepeiao poepoe. ʻO kona kino, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e hōʻike i kahi ʻike huinahā lōʻihi, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma mua o ke kiʻekiʻe, me nā wāwae hope i ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka mua (ma kahi o 15 cm ke kaʻawale). ʻO nā wāwae lōʻihi lōʻihi a ikaika hoʻi e ʻae i ka bear ʻeleʻele e mālama a hele wāwae i kahi kūlana bipedal, kahi hiʻohiʻona o kēia mau māmela.

Mahalo i ko lākou maiuu ikaika, ʻo nā bea ʻeleʻele kekahi hiki ke ʻeli a piʻi i nā kumulāʻau maʻalahi loa E pili ana i ke kapakomo, ʻaʻole hōʻike nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i kahi ʻahu ʻeleʻele. Ma ʻō a ʻo ʻAmelike ʻĀkau, ʻike ʻia nā mea kōkua me ka ʻalani, ʻulaʻula, kokoleka, a me nā kirimina a me nā kapa keʻokeʻo.

hana ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele

ʻOiai kona nui a me kona ikaika, ʻo ka bea ʻeleʻele loa ia agile a pololei i ka hopu holoholona, a hiki ke piʻi i luna i nā kumulāʻau kiʻekiʻe o nā ululāʻau kahi e noho ai ʻo ia ma ʻAkau ʻAmelika e pakele i nā hoʻoweliweli a i ʻole e hoʻomaha maluhia. ʻO kāna mau neʻe he ʻano o ka mammal plantigrade, ʻo ia hoʻi, kākoʻo piha ia i nā kapuwaʻi o kona mau wāwae i ka honua ke hele wāwae. Eia kekahi, ʻo lākou nō ʻauʻau akamai a keʻa pinepine lākou i ka nui o ka wai e neʻe ma waena o nā mokupuni o ka pae ʻāina a i ʻole keʻa mai ka ʻāina nui a kahi mokupuni.

Mahalo i ko lākou ikaika, i ko lākou mau māiʻuʻu ikaika, ko lākou wikiwiki a me nā ʻike i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia, he poʻe ʻimi ʻio maikaʻi nā ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i hiki ke hopu i nā pio o nā nui like ʻole. I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hoʻopau mau lākou i nā ʻelemu a me nā ʻelima liʻiliʻi i nā rodents, dia, trout, salmon a me nā pāpaʻi. ʻO ka hopena, hiki iā lākou ke pōmaikaʻi mai ke kālion i waiho ʻia e nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe a ʻai i nā hua manu paha e hoʻopiha ai i ka protein i loko o kā lākou meaʻai. Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike nā mea ʻai ma kahi o 70% o ka ʻike o kāna ʻaiʻai omnivorous, ʻai nui ʻana i nā mea kanu, nā mauʻu, nā hua, nā hua a me nā hua paina. Aloha pū lākou i ka meli a hiki ke piʻi i nā kumulāʻau nui e kiʻi.

I ka wā o ka hāʻule, hoʻonui nui kēia mau māmela nui i kā lākou lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai, no ka mea, pono lākou e loaʻa nā waihona ikehu kūpono e mālama ai i ka metabolism kaulike i ka hoʻoilo. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hibernate nā bea ʻeleʻele, akā mālama lākou i kahi ʻano o ka hiamoe hoʻoilo, i ka wā e hāʻule ai ka mahana o ke kino i kekahi mau kekelē i ka wā e hiamoe ai ka holoholona no nā wā lōʻihi i kāna ana.

hoʻoulu kele ʻeleʻele

bea ʻeleʻele he holoholona mehameha hui wale lākou i kā lākou mau hoa me ka hōʻea ʻana o ke kau moʻo, i kū ma waena o nā mahina o Mei a me ʻAukake, i ka wā o ka puna a me ke kauwela o ka Hemolele ʻAkau. Ma ke ʻano laulā, hiki i nā kāne ke oʻo i ka moekolohe mai ka makahiki ʻekolu o ke ola, ʻoiai e hana ana nā wahine ma waena o ka makahiki ʻelua a me ka ʻeiwa o ke ola.

E like me nā ʻano bear ʻē aʻe, he bear ka ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele holoholona viviparous, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kanu ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā keiki i loko o ka kōpū o ka wahine. Ua hoʻolohi nā bear bear i ka momona, a ʻaʻole hoʻomaka nā embryos e hoʻomohala a hala he ʻumi mau pule ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana, e pale i ka hānau ʻana o nā keiki i ka hāʻule. ʻO ka manawa hānau ma kēia ʻano ma waena o ʻeono a me ʻehiku mau mahina, a ma ka hopena e hānau ka wahine i hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua mau keiki, i hānau ʻole ʻia, me nā maka i paʻa a me awelika ke kaupaona mai 200 a 400 gram.

E hānai ʻia nā pēpē e ko lākou mau makuahine a hiki i ka piha ʻana o ko lākou mau mahina i ka piha ʻana o nā makahiki ʻewalu, ke hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻokolohua me nā meaʻai paʻa. Eia naʻe, e noho lākou me ko lākou mau mākua no nā makahiki ʻelua a ʻekolu paha o ke ola, a hiki i ko lākou oʻo ʻana i ka moekolohe a mākaukau loa e noho hoʻokahi. Hiki ke loli ke ʻano o kou ola i kona kūlana kūlohelohe 10 a me 30 mau makahiki.

Ke kūlana mālama o ka bear ʻeleʻele

Wahi a ka IUCN Red List of Endangered Species, ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka bear ʻeleʻele ma kūlana hopohopo ʻole, ma muli o ka nui o kāna wahi noho ma ʻAmelika Hema, ka haʻahaʻa o nā mea kūlohelohe a me nā hana palekana. Eia nō naʻe, ua emi nui ka heluna o nā bea ʻeleʻele i nā kenekulia ʻelua i hala, ma muli o ka ʻimi holoholona. Ua manaʻo ʻia e pili ana 30,000 mau kānaka alualu ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ka hapanui ma Kanada a me Alaska, ʻoiai e hoʻoponopono kū kānāwai ʻia kēia hana a pale ʻia ka laha.