ʻO ka iʻa me nā wāwae - Curiosities a me nā kiʻi

Mea Kākau: Laura McKinney
Lā O Ka Hana: 4 Apelila 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 17 Nowemapa 2024
Anonim
ЛЮБОВЬ С ДОСТАВКОЙ НА ДОМ (2020). Романтическая комедия. Хит
Wikiō: ЛЮБОВЬ С ДОСТАВКОЙ НА ДОМ (2020). Романтическая комедия. Хит

Anter

ʻO nā iʻa he vertebrates nona ka ʻokoʻa o nā kinona, ka nui a me ka nohona e hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou. Ma waena o nā ʻano nohona like ʻole o lākou, pono ia e hōʻike i nā laha i ulu i ko lākou kaiapuni e loaʻa hiohiona ʻano ʻē loa. Aia kekahi iʻa nona nā peʻa he hanana e hoʻohuli iā lākou i nā "wāwae" maoli.

ʻAʻole kēia e kahaha iā mākou, ʻoiai ka ulu ʻana o nā wāwae i kahi 375 miliona mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka wā i noho ai ka iʻa Sarcopterian ʻo Tiktaalik, kahi iʻa me palepaʻi lobe nona nā ʻano like ʻole o tetrapods (vertebrates ʻehā wāwae).

Hōʻike nā noiʻi ua ala nā wāwae mai ka pono e neʻe mai nā wahi kahi pāpaʻu ka wai a kōkua i ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai. I kēia ʻatikala na PeritoAnimal, e wehewehe mākou inā aia iʻa me nā wāwae - he mea ʻole a me nā kiʻi. E ʻike ʻoe i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa me nā hana o ka wāwae. Heluhelu maikaʻi.


Aia nā iʻa me nā wāwae?

ʻAʻole, ʻaʻohe iʻa me nā wāwae maoli. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, ua hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau ʻano lipo e "hele wāwae" a neʻe paha i ke kai a i ʻole ka moe kahawai, a ʻo kekahi poʻe e waiho paha i ka wai no nā manawa pōkole e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai a neʻe paha ma waena o nā wai o ka wai.

ʻO kēia mau ʻano, ma ke ʻano nui, hoʻokau kokoke i ko lākou kino lili e loaʻa ke kākoʻo maikaʻi, a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe, e like me ka Bichir-de-Senegal (Polypterus senegulus), he mau ʻano ʻē aʻe i ʻae iā lākou e puka kūleʻa i ka wai, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ko lākou kino a hoʻokaʻawale iki ʻia ko lākou iwi poʻo mai ke koena o ke kino, hāʻawi iā lākou ʻoi aku ka neʻe.

Hōʻike kēia i ka maikaʻi o ka iʻa plasticity e hoʻomaʻa i kou kaiapuni, kahi e hōʻike ai i ka iʻa mua o ka wai i puka i waho o ka wai i ka wā o ka evolution a pehea, ma hope, nā mea ola e kū nei i kēia lā i hoʻomohala i nā fin (a i ʻole kā mākou e kapa aku ai, nā wāwae iʻa) e ʻae iā lākou e "hele wāwae".


Nā ʻano iʻa me nā wāwae

No laila e hui pū kāua i kekahi o kēia mau iʻa me nā wāwae, ʻo ia hoʻi, he ʻauʻau kai kā lākou e hana ai nā wāwae no lākou. ʻO kēia ka mea i ʻike nui ʻia.

Anabas testudineus

ʻIke ʻia kēia ʻano ʻohana o ka ʻohana Anabantidae ma India, Kina a me ka Wallace Line (ʻĀkia Asia). Ana ʻia ma kahi o 25 knm ka lōʻihi a he iʻa e noho ana i nā wai hou o nā loko, nā kahawai a me nā wahi kanu, akā naʻe hiki ke ʻae i ka paʻakai.

Inā maloʻo ka wahi a lākou e noho ai, hiki iā lākou ke waiho iā ʻoe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ko lākou mau wili pectoral ma ke ʻano he "wāwae" e neʻe ai. Kūpaʻa loa lākou i nā wahi o ka oxygen-ʻilihune. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, hiki ke kiʻi i hoʻokahi lā a hiki i kahi noho ʻē aʻe, akā hiki ke ola a ʻeono mau lā mai ka wai. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, ʻeli pinepine lākou a burrow i loko o ka lepo momona i mea e ola ai. Ma muli o kēia mau ʻano, luna ia i kā mākou papa inoa o nā iʻa me nā wāwae.


I kēia ʻatikala ʻē aʻe e ʻike ʻoe i nā iʻa rarest loa o ka honua.

Batfish (Dibranchus spinosus)

No ka ʻohana Ogcocephalidae ka iʻa iʻa a i ʻole ka peʻa kai, i loaʻa i loko o ka wai kai pālua a me kai subtropical o nā kai a me nā moana āpau i ka honua, koe wale nō ke kai Mediterranean. He kikoʻī loa kona kino, he pālahalaha a poepoe kona ʻano, hoʻopili ʻia i ke ola ma lalo o nā kino wai, ʻo ia hoʻi, he benthic lākou. kou huelo ʻelua peduncles e puka mai ana mai kāna mau ʻaoʻao a hoʻololi i kāna mau pectoral fins e like me nā wāwae.

Ma ka huli, he liʻiliʻi loa nā pelvic fin a aia ma lalo o ka ʻāʻī a hana e like me ka forelegs. kāu ʻelua muscular a ikaika loa nā paʻa o nā fin, ka mea e ʻae iā lākou e hele wāwae ma lalo o ke kai, a lākou e hana ai i ka hapanui o ka manawa - ʻo ia ke kumu i kapa ʻia ai he ʻano iʻa me nā wāwae - ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou he ʻauʻau maikaʻi. I ka manawa e hoʻomaopopo ai lākou i kahi mea pio hiki ke noho, noho mālie lākou e lure iā ia ma o ka lure ʻana i loaʻa i ko lākou alo a laila hopu iā ia me ko lākou waha protractile.

sladenia shaefersi

No ka ʻohana Lophiidae, loaʻa kēia iʻa ma South Carolina, ʻākau o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a ma nā Lesser Antilles hoʻi. He ʻano nui, hiki aku ma mua o 1 mika ka lōʻihi. Ua poepoe kona poʻo akā ʻaʻole pālahalaha a loaʻa kahi huelo i kaomi ʻia i ka ʻaoʻao.

ʻElua ona filament e puka mai ana mai kona poʻo a he kakalaioa hoʻi o nā lōʻihi ʻokoʻa a puni kona poʻo a me kona kino. Noho ʻo ia i lalo o nā pōhaku ma kahi e alualu ai i kāna mea pio ma muli o kāna hoʻolālā ʻana me ke kaiapuni. Hiki i kēia iʻa wāwae wāwae ke neʻe i ka papakū e ka "hele wāwae" mahalo i kāna mau lime pectoral i hoʻololi ʻia i ke ʻano o nā kapuaʻi.

ʻO Politus Thymicthys

ʻO kahi ʻano o ka ʻohana Brachionichthyidae, noho ia i nā kapakai o Tasmania. ʻIke liʻiliʻi loa e pili ana i ka biology o kēia iʻa. Hiki ke kiʻi e pili ana 13 knm lōʻihi a he kupaianaha loa kona helehelena, no ka mea, ʻulaʻula kona kino a uhi ʻia me nā warts, me kahi kiko ma kona poʻo.

ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou pelvic fin a loaʻa ma lalo a kokoke i ke poʻo, ʻoiai e hoʻomohala nui ʻia kā lākou mau pectoral fins a ʻike ʻia he "manamana lima" ka mea e kōkua iā lākou e hele ma lalo o ke kai. Makemake i nā wahi one kokoke i nā kaʻe a me nā ʻākoʻakoʻa. No laila, i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he iʻa me nā wāwae, he "iʻa me nā manamana lima".

Lāʻau mama ʻo ʻApelika (Protopterus annectens)

He iʻa māmā ʻo ia o ka ʻohana Protopteridae e noho ana i nā kahawai, nā loko a i ʻole nā ​​ulu lāʻau ulu ma ʻApelika. Loaʻa kona lōʻihi ma mua o hoʻokahi mika a elongated kona kino (angular-shaped) a hina. ʻAʻole like me nā ʻano iʻa e hele wāwae ana, hiki i kēia iʻa ke hele wāwae ma lalo o nā kahawai a me nā kino wai hou ʻē aʻe, mahalo i nā pectoral a me nā pelvic fins, a i kēia hihia he filamentous, a hiki iā ia ke lele.

He ʻano laha kona ʻano i hoʻomau i ka loli ʻole no nā makahiki miliona. Hiki iā ia ke ola i ke kau maloʻo ma muli o ka ʻeli ʻana i loko o ka ʻalae a komo i loko o kahi pale mucus e hūnā ai. ʻO ia hiki ke hoʻolilo i mau mahina i kēia mokuʻāina hanu hapalua palapala e hanu ana i ka ea i ka lewa no ka mea he māmā.

tigra lucerne

Mai ka ʻohana Triglidae, he iʻa kai kēia iʻa e noho ana ma ka Moana ʻAkelanika, ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua a me ke Kai ʻEleʻele. He ʻano mea ulu ia e hua mai nei ma kahakai. Ua piʻi ma mua o 50 knm ka lōʻihi a ikaika kona kino, kaomi hope a ʻulaʻula-ʻalani i ke kala a ʻoluʻolu i ka helehelena. ʻO kāna fins pectoral nā hoʻomohala nui ʻia, hiki i ka fin anal.

ʻO nā iʻa o kēia ʻano ʻekolu mau kukuna e puka mai ana mai ke kumu o ko lākou mau palapū i hiki ai iā lākou ke "kolo a hele wāwae" paha ma ke kai one, ke hana lākou me nā wāwae liʻiliʻi. Hana pū kēia mau kukuna e like me nā mea sensory a tactile paha me kēia mau mea e ʻimi ai i ka wai kai. Loaʻa iā lākou ka mana kūikawā e hana i ka "snoring" mahalo i nā haʻalulu o ka wai ʻauʻau, i ke alo o nā mea hoʻoweliweli a i ʻole ka wā hānau.

Mudfish (kekahi mau ʻano o ka genus Periophthalmus)

Mai ka ʻohana Gobiidae, noho kēia ʻano ʻano ʻē i loko o ka wai kai pāhiki a me kai subtropical o ʻAsia a me ʻApelika, ma nā wahi o nā waha o ka muliwai kahi e paʻa ai ka wai. He ʻano maʻamau ia o nā wahi mangrove, kahi e ʻimi maʻamau ai lākou. ʻO kēia iʻa me nā wāwae e ana ma kahi o 15 knm ka lōʻihi a hoʻonui ʻia kona kino me kahi poʻo nui a maka weliweli loa, ʻoiai lākou e protruding ana a aia ma mua, kokoke hoʻopili ʻia.

Hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he amphibious a semi-aquatic paha ko lākou nohona, no ka mea hiki iā lākou ke hanu i ka oxygen lewa mahalo i ka hoʻololi kinoea ma o ka ʻili, pharynx, mucosa waha a me nā keʻena gill kahi e mālama ai lākou i ka oxygen. ʻO ko lākou inoa mudfish ma muli o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ma waho o ka hiki ke hanu ma waho o ka wai, pono mau lākou i nā wahi lepo e mālama ai i ka momona o ke kino a me ka momona. thermoregulation, a ʻo ia nō kahi kahi e hānai ai lākou i ka hapa nui o ka manawa. He ikaika ko lākou mau wili pectoral a loaʻa i ka cartilage e hiki ai iā lākou ke puka i waho o ka wai i nā wahi lepo a me kā lākou pelvic fins hiki iā lākou ke pili i nā papa.

E hoihoi paha ʻoe i kēia ʻatikala ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka iʻa e hanu mai ana i ka wai.

ʻO Chaunax kiʻi

No ka ʻohana Chaunacidae ia a hāʻawi ʻia i nā moana āpau o ka honua i ka wai mehana a me nā wai wela, koe wale nō ma ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua. Kūleʻa a poepoe kona kino, kaomi hope ʻia ma ka hope, e hiki ana ma kahi o 40 cm ka lōʻihi. He ʻalani ʻalani a ʻalani kona ʻāpana a mānoanoa, uhi ʻia e nā kākalaioa. hiki ke hoʻoulu, nāna e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o kahi iʻa momona. ʻO kā lāua mau pectoral a me nā pelvic fin, aia ma lalo o ke poʻo a pili loa kekahi i kekahi, hoʻomohala loa a hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā wāwae maoli e neʻe i ka papahele o ke kai. He iʻa hiki ʻole ke ʻauʻau.

ʻO ka axolotl kahi iʻa me nā wāwae?

ke axolotl (Ambystoma mexicanum) he holoholona hoihoi loa ia, ʻōiwi a me nā hopena o Mekiko, kahi e noho ana i nā loko, nā loko wai a me nā kino pāpaʻu o ka wai hou me nā mea kanu wai i ka hapa hema o ka ʻāina, e hele ana ma kahi o 15 cm ka lōʻihi. He amphibian ia i "pilikia weliweli loa"ma muli o ka ʻai ʻana o ke kanaka, ka nalowale ʻana o ka nohona a me ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā iʻa exotic.

He holoholona wale nō ia e like me ka iʻa, eia nō naʻe, kūlike ʻole i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe he nui. ʻaʻole kēia iʻa iʻa, akā he amphibian e like me ka salamander nona ka kino makua e mālama i nā ʻano o ka larva (kahi hana i kapa ʻia ʻo neotenia) me kahi huelo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻaoʻao, nā gills o waho, a me ke kū ʻana o nā wāwae.

A i kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka iʻa nui me nā wāwae a ua ʻike ʻoe i nā kiʻi o nā wāwae iʻa, hoihoi paha ʻoe i kēia ʻatikala ʻē aʻe na PeritoAnimal e pili ana i ka iʻa wai paʻakai.

Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me ʻO ka iʻa me nā wāwae - Curiosities a me nā kiʻi, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.