Anter
ʻO nā heʻe he cephalopod a me nā mollusc moana e pili ana i ke kauoha ʻo Octopoda. ʻO kāna hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona loa ke alo o 8 mau welau e puka mai ana mai waenakonu o kou kino, kahi o kou waha. He keʻokeʻo, he gelatinous ke ʻano o ko lākou kino, i hiki ai iā lākou ke hoʻololi koke i ke kinona a hiki ke hoʻololi i nā wahi e like me nā ʻāpana i nā pōhaku. ʻO nā heʻe he mau holoholona invertebrate kūikawā, akamai a loaʻa i kahi ʻike i ulu nui ʻia, a me kahi ʻōnaehana hopohopo paʻakikī loa.
Noho ka lāhui ʻokoʻa o nā heʻe i nā ʻano kaiapuni like ʻole, e like me nā wahi abyssal o nā kai he nui, nā ʻāpana intertidal, nā ʻākoʻakoʻa a me nā wahi pelagic. Pēlā nō, hui pū i loko nā moana āpau i ka honua, hiki ke loaʻa i nā wai mehana a me nā wai anuanu. Makemake ʻoe e ʻike i ka mea e ʻai ai ka heʻe? ʻĀ, e hoʻomau i ka heluhelu ʻana i kēia ʻatikala na PeritoAnimal a e haʻi mākou iā ʻoe āpau e pili ana i ka hānai ʻana o kēia holoholona kupaianaha.
Hānai ʻai ʻana ʻo gurita
ʻO ka heʻe he holoholona kikokiko, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea e ʻai pono i nā meaʻai o nā holoholona. He loli loa ka papaʻai o nā cephalopods a aneane pau nā ʻano i ka predators, akā i ka laulā hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻelua kumu hoʻohālikelike:
- ʻO nā heʻe ʻai iʻa: ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, aia he heʻe e hānai nui nei i ka iʻa a ma loko o kēia pūʻulu nā ʻano pelagic, nā ʻauʻau maikaʻi loa.
- ʻO nā heʻe e hānai ai i nā crustacea: ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻano i hoʻokumu i kā lākou meaʻai ma ka crustacea a ma kēia hui i loaʻa ka laha o ke ola benthic, ʻo ia hoʻi ka poʻe e noho ana i lalo o ke kai.
He aha nā ʻai o nā heʻe?
He mea nui e kuhi i nā manawa he nui i ka mea a ka ʻaha e ʻai ai e hilinaʻi ai ka kahi e noho ai a me ka hohonu, o kahi laʻana:
- ʻOheʻe (heʻe vulgaris): he kamaaina o ka wai hāmama, hānai nui ia i nā crustacea, gastropods, bivalves, iʻa a me nā cephalopod liʻiliʻi ʻē aʻe.
- heʻe kai hohonu: nā mea ʻē aʻe, e like me nā poʻe noho kai hohonu hiki ke hoʻopau i nā woro, polychaetes a me nā nīno.
- ʻO nā heʻe heʻe heʻe: Hoʻoneʻe pinepine nā ʻano Benthic ma waena o nā pōhaku ma ka papahele o ke kai i ka wā e ʻūlū ana ma waena o kāna mau ʻāpana e ʻimi ai i ka meaʻai. Hana lākou i kēia mahalo i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ko lākou kinona, e like me kā mākou i ʻike ai, ʻo ka heʻe he invertebrate, a me kāna mau maka maikaʻi loa.
Pehea e ʻimi ai ka heʻe?
He ʻano paʻakikī loa kā Octopus i ka lawaiʻa hopu holoholona ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke mimic i ko lākou wahi. Hana kēia i ka mahalo i nā pigment i loko o kā lākou epidermis, i ʻae iā lākou e hele ʻike ʻole ʻia e kā lākou mau ʻāʻī, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i kekahi o nā meaola huna loa i ka honua holoholona.
He holoholona agile loa lākou a me nā mea ʻimi holoholona maikaʻi. Pehea e hoʻonui ai iā lākou iho ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kahi jet o ka wai, hiki ke hoʻouka koke i kā lākou mea pio ʻoiai lākou e lawe iā ia me kā lākou mau ʻaoʻao i uhi ʻia me nā kīʻaha omo a lawe mai i ko lākou waha. ʻO ka maʻamau, ke hopu lākou i ka mea pio, hoʻopili lākou i nā toxins i loko o kā lākou lawai (cephalotoxins), a paralyze pio ma kahi o 35 kekona no ka manawa pōkole ma hope o ka hemo ʻana.
I ka hihia o nā bivalve molluscs, no ka laʻana, hana lākou ma ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kiwikā me kā lākou mau tentacles i mea e hoʻopili ai i ka lawai. Pēlā nō ia no nā pāpaʻi i loaʻa ka pūpū paʻakikī. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hiki i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe ke hiki moni i nā ʻāʻī. .
Hiki i kā lākou mau wēlau ke hoʻolōʻihi i kēlā me kēia ala i kahi ala i hoʻohui ʻia, e ʻae iā lākou e hoʻokō hopu i kāu pio ma o nā kīʻaha omo ikaika i uhi ʻia me ʻoluʻolu loaʻa. ʻO ka mea hope loa, huki ka heʻe i kāna mea pio i kona waha, hāʻawi ʻia me ka nuku ikaika me ke ʻano horny (chitinous), kahi e hiki ai iā ia ke haehae i kāna mea pio, ʻo ia pū me nā exoskeleton ikaika o kekahi mea pio, e like me nā crustacea.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, he mea pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i nā ʻano laha e pili ana i ka genus Stauroteuthis, ka hapanui e noho ana i ka wai kai, kahi o nā ʻāpana mākala e noho ana i loko o nā kīʻaha omo o nā tentacles e photofores. Hiki i kēia mau keena ke hoʻoili i ke kukui hana i ka bioluminescence, a ma kēia ʻano hiki iā ia ke hoʻopunipuni i kāna mea pio i kona waha.
ʻO kekahi ʻatikala PeritoAnimal e hoihoi paha iā ʻoe ʻo ia kēia e pili ana i ka hoʻohua ʻana o ka iʻa.
ʻeli o ka heʻe
E like me kā mākou e ʻike ai, he holoholona kikokiko ka heʻe a hānai i nā holoholona he nui. Ma muli o kēia ʻano papaʻai, hilinaʻi nui kona ʻōnaehana i nā protein, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka mea nui o ke kumu ikehu a me ka mea kūkulu hale. ʻ kaʻina hoʻoheheʻe hana ʻia i nā ʻanuʻu ʻelua:
- pae extracellular: Loaʻa i loko o ka tract digestive holoʻokoʻa. Ma aneʻi ka nuku a me ka hana radula, ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia me nā mākala ikaika e hiki ke hoʻolālā ʻia mai ka waha a hana me he mea ʻoki kino lā. I ka manawa like, hūnā ka salivary glands i nā enzymes e hoʻomaka i kahi digestion mua o ka meaʻai.
- pae intracellular: Kū wale i ka gland digestive. I kēia ʻanuʻu ʻelua, hala ka ʻai ma mua o ka ʻai i ka esophagus a laila ka ʻōpū. Maʻaneʻi ka nui o ka meaʻai i kāna degradation mahalo i ke alo o cilia. I ka manawa e kū ai kēia, lawe ʻia ka wai momona i loko o ka momona o ka digestive, a laila lawe ʻia ka mea i hoʻohana ʻole ʻia i ka ʻōpū, kahi e hoʻolei ʻia ai i ke ʻano o nā pellets fecal, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā pōpō o ka meaʻai i ʻole hoʻoulu ʻia.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka mea e ʻai ai ka heʻe a me pehea e ʻimi ai, makemake paha ʻoe i kēia ʻatikala ʻē aʻe na PeritoAnimal e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā 20 leʻaleʻa e pili ana i nā heʻe e pili ana i nā noiʻi ʻepekema. Eia hou, i loko o ke wikiō ma lalo hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā holoholona kai ʻoi loa loa o 7 ma ka honua.
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me He aha ka ʻai a ka heʻe?, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.