Nā holoholona e hele i waena o ka metamorphosis

Mea Kākau: John Stephens
Lā O Ka Hana: 23 Ianuali 2021
HōʻAno Hou I Ka Lā: 20 Nowemapa 2024
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ЛЮБОВЬ С ДОСТАВКОЙ НА ДОМ (2020). Романтическая комедия. Хит
Wikiō: ЛЮБОВЬ С ДОСТАВКОЙ НА ДОМ (2020). Романтическая комедия. Хит

Anter

KA metamorphosis, i ka zoology, kahi o ka hoʻololi i ʻike ʻia i kekahi mau holoholona ma o lākou e hele ai mai kekahi ʻano a i kekahi, ma ke ʻano mau, mai ka wā hānau a hiki i ka makua. he ʻāpana o kāu ulu olaola a pili wale ia i kāu physiology, akā i kāu ʻano a me kou nohona.

I kēia ʻatikala na PeritoAnimal, e wehewehe mākou i ka mea a holoholona i loaʻa i ka metamorphosis i ko lākou ulu ʻana, e hōʻike kikoʻī ana i nā ʻano o ka metamorphosis a i ʻole ke ʻano o ka metamorphosis. E heluhelu a ʻike i nā mea āpau e pili ana i kēia kaʻina hana.

He aha ka metamorphosis?

E maopopo maikaʻi ai he aha ka manaʻo "metamorphosis, pono mākou e ʻike i kāu .timology. Loaʻa ka huaʻōlelo mai ka Greek a haku ʻia i kēia mau huaʻōlelo: pahu hopu (kahi mea hou aʻe), morphe (kiʻi a i ʻole kinona) a -osis (hoʻololi o ka mokuʻāina), no laila, e hoʻololi ʻia mai kekahi mea a i kekahi.


Penei, ka metamorphosis i nā holoholona he hoʻololi lōkahi a hiki ʻole ke hoʻi i physiology, morphology a me ka lawena. He wā ia i loko o kahi ola o kahi holoholona e kūlike i ka paukū mai kahi ʻano larval a i kahi ʻano ʻōpio a makua paha. Hoʻopili ia i nā mea kolo, kekahi iʻa a me kekahi mau amphibians, akā ʻaʻole nā ​​māmela.

Kuhi ʻia kēia pae o ka hoʻomohala ʻia e ka hānau ʻana o kahi larva kūʻokoʻa, hiki ʻole ke hoʻohua i ka moekolohe a hiki i kona wā ʻōpio a makua paha, i ʻike ʻia ʻo "imago"a i ʻole"pae hope loa". Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole wale wale nō nā hanana o ka metamorphosis, akā pili pū kekahi i nā hoʻololi hohonu loa i ka holoholona, ​​e like me:

  • Hoʻololi hui
  • Hoʻololi kino kiko
  • Hoʻololi i kahi wahi hou

Nā ʻano o ka metamorphosis

I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka metamorphosis, e wehewehe mākou i nā ʻano aia. Eia nō naʻe, pono ʻoe e ʻike ia, ʻoiai i loko o nā mea kolo he loli i ka pae o ke kelepona, i loko o nā amphibians pili ia i kahi hoʻololi i nā aʻa o ka holoholona, ​​no laila eia kēia nā kaʻina hana ʻokoʻa. E ʻike ma lalo i nā ʻokoʻa i waena o nā metamorphoses insect ʻelua a pehea e ʻokoʻa ai mai ka metamorphosis amphibian:


metamorphosis pepelu

nānā mākou i nā mea kolo ʻelua ʻano metamorphosis, ʻokoʻa ka amphibians, ʻike i hoʻokahi wale nō. A laila, wehewehe mākou i ka mea a lākou e komo ai:

  1. hemimetabolism: ʻike ʻia he metamorphosis maʻalahi, maʻalahi a piha ʻole paha. I kēia ʻano metamorphosis, ʻaʻole ʻike ke kanaka i ka pae "pupa", ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe ona manawa o ka hana ʻole. Hanai mau ia, a hoʻonui i kona nui, a hiki i kona pae makua. Ma loko o kahi ʻano, he ʻano pilikino ko kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka nohona. Kekahi laʻana o nā holoholona i loaʻa i ka hemimetabolism he lobsters a me nā bedbugs.
  2. Holometabolism: ʻIke ʻia ia me he metamorphosis piha a paʻakikī paha. I kēia hihia ʻike mākou i kekahi mau pae ʻokoʻa a pau i ka pae pupal (hiki ke hala i mau pule a i loko o nā makahiki, ke kaukaʻi ʻia i ka laha) a hiki i ka hānau ʻana o ka imago. ʻIke mākou i kahi loli nui i ka hiʻohiʻona o kēlā me kēia. ʻO kekahi mau laʻana o nā holoholona e komo i ka holometabolism ʻo ia ka butterfly, ka lele, ka makika, ka pi a me ka nalo.
  3. ametabolism: i kapa ʻia ʻo "ametabolia", pili ia i nā kolo a me nā arthropods, ke hiki lākou i ka pae nymph, hōʻike i kekahi mau ʻano like me ke ʻano makua. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hana i ka metamorphosis, he hoʻomohala pololei. Kekahi laʻana ʻo nā makika a me nā ʻelala.

I nā kolo, kāohi ʻia ka metamorphosis e "ecdysone", kahi hormone steroid i nele i nā homone ʻōpio a he mea nui i ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻano larval o ke kino o ka holoholona. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi he pilikia e ulu ana: he mau ʻano like ʻole kekahi o nā insecticides me kēia mau ʻōpio ʻōpio, ma ke ʻano e hoʻopau ai lākou i ka pale ʻana i ka metamorphosis o kēlā me kēia kanaka ma o ka ālai loa ʻana iā lākou.


Metamorphosis Amphibian

"ʻO ka metamorphosis o nā amphibians ka hopena o ka hana o ka thyroid hormone. (Gudernatsch, 1912) Hōʻike ka ʻike i kahi transplant thyroid a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka thyroid i kumu i ka metamorphosis."

I ka metamorphosis o amphibians, nānā mākou kekahi ʻano like me nā pepeke, ke hele pū lākou i kahi pae larval (tadpole) a me kahi pae pupal (tadpole me nā lālā) ma mua o ka hānau ʻana i ka imago, ʻo ia ka pae makua. ʻ laʻana ʻo ka rana ka mea maʻamau.

Ma hope o ka wā "prometamorphosis", ke ʻikea nā manamana wāwae o nā holoholona, ​​ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi membrane interdigital i kapa ʻia ka pāma e hana i ka ʻauʻau ʻau e like me ka hoe. A laila ka hormonone i kapa ʻia ʻo "pituitary" hele i loko o ke kahe o ke koko i ka thyroid. I kēlā manawa, hoʻonāukiuki ia i ka hana o ka hormone T4, ka ke kumu o ka piha metamorphosis.

A laila, e hōʻike mākou pehea e hana ʻia ai nā pae o ka metamorphosis e like me kēlā me kēia ʻano.

Nā pae o ka metamorphosis maʻalahi

I mea e ʻike pono ai ʻoe i ka metamorphosis maʻalahi a piha ʻole, e hōʻike mākou iā ʻoe ke laʻana o ka metamorphosis ʻūhini. Hānau ʻia ia mai kahi hua manu momona a hoʻomaka e hoʻomohala i ka holomua, me ka ʻole o ke kaʻina chrysalis. I ka wā o ka wā mua ʻaʻohe ona eheu, no ka mea, e ʻike ʻia ma hope ke holo. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole i oʻo i ka moekolohe a hiki i kona pae makua.

Nā kahua o ka piha metamorphosis i nā mea kolo

E wehewehe i ka metamorphosis piha a paʻakikī paha, koho mākou ka metamorphosis butterfly. Hoʻomaka ia, e like me ka hihia ma mua, mai kahi hua manu momona, i kiko i ka ʻenuhe. E hānai a hoʻomohala kēia kanaka a hiki i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hormona e hoʻololi i ka ʻāpana. E hoʻomaka ka ʻenuhe e wahī iā ia iho me kahi pae āna e hūnā ai, a hiki i ka hana ʻana i kahi chrysalis e uhi mau iā ia.

I loko o kēia wā o ka ʻike ʻole o ka hana ʻole, e hoʻomaka ka ʻenuhe i ka hoʻopili hou ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana ʻōpio a hoʻololi loa i kona kino, a ulu ka wāwae a me nā ʻeheu. Hiki ke hala i mau lā a i ʻole mau pule. ʻO ka hope, e wehe ka pupa, e hāʻawi ana i kahi moth makua.

Nā pae o ka metamorphosis i nā amphibians

E wehewehe i nā pae o ka metamorphosis i nā amphibians, ua koho mākou ka metamorphosis o ka rana. Hoʻomaʻa ʻia nā hua o ka rana i ka wai ʻoiai lākou e hoʻopuni ʻia e ka nui gelatinous e pale aku iā lākou. E hoʻomōhala lākou a hiki i ka hana ʻana o ka larva a laila hānau ʻia ka tadpole, nona ke poʻo a me ka huelo. Ke hānai a ulu ka tadpole, e hoʻomaka ia e hoʻomohala i nā wāwae a, i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, ke ʻano o ka rana makua. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ke nalowale kona huelo, e manaʻo ʻia ia he rana makua a moekolohe.

ʻO nā holoholona hea ka metamorphosis?

ʻO ka hope, hōʻike mākou i kahi papa inoa o nā pūʻulu zoological mai holoholona i loaʻa i ka metamorphosis i kona ulu ana:

  • lissamphibians
  • Anurans
  • ʻAposa
  • Urodels
  • nā ʻalopaka
  • Nā Pepelu
  • ʻO Crustaceans
  • echinod germ
  • Molluscs (koe wale nā ​​cephalopods)
  • nā ʻūhū
  • Iʻa salmoniform
  • Iʻa Anguilliformes
  • Iʻa Pleuronectiform

Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me Nā holoholona e hele i waena o ka metamorphosis, Paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou Curiosities ʻāpana o ka honua holoholona.