Anter
- Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o nā holoholona luku
- 1. Kiʻi Candango
- 2. Mano manamana-niho
- 3. ʻO Frog Tree Pine
- 4. Nosemouse
- 5. ʻĀkaukau ʻĀkau
- 6. ʻO Eskimo Curlew
- 7. Pueo Cabure-de-Pernambuco
- 8. Makawaiki liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
- 9. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lau lau ʻĀkau hikina
- 10. Uma Ula Nui
- 11. Megadytes ducalis
- 12. Minhocuçu
- 13. ʻO Bat Vampire nunui
- 14. Mano moʻo
- ʻO nā holoholona hele a pōpilikia ma Brazil
E pili ana i 20% o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu hoʻoweliweli ʻia me ka luku ʻia ma Brazil, e like me kahi ana i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka Brazil Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) i Nowemapa 2020.
Wehewehe nā kumu like ʻole i kēia ʻikepili: ka huli holoholona ʻole ʻole, ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka nohona o nā holoholona, ke ahi a me ka hoʻohaumia, no ka inoa wale nō. Eia naʻe, eia naʻe ua ʻike mākou i kekahi mau mea nā holoholona luku ma Brazil, kekahi a hiki i kēia manawa. A ʻo ia kā mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kēia ʻatikala PeritoAnimal.
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia o nā holoholona luku
Ma mua o kā mākou papa inoa ʻana i ka nā holoholona luku ma Brazil, he mea nui e wehewehe i nā mahele ʻano like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia e kuhikuhi iā lākou. Wahi a ka Chico Mendes Institute's Red Book of 2018, i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio), i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka papa inoa Red List o ka International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), ʻo ia mau holoholona hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me:
- Pau nā holoholona i ka nāhelehele (EW): he mea i koe ʻole i loko o kona wahi maoli, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka mahi ʻana, pio a i ʻole ma kahi ʻāpana ʻole o kāna kūpana kūlohelohe.
- Holoholona luku (RE): like ia me ka ʻōlelo ʻana he holoholona make ia ma Brazil, a ʻaʻohe mea kānalua i ka make a nalowale paha o ka mea hope loa i hiki ke hana hou i nā ʻano o kēlā ʻāina a ʻāina paha.
- Holoholona luku (EX): terminology i hoʻohana ʻia inā ʻaʻohe kānalua ua make ka mea hope loa o ka laha.
I kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻoe i ka ʻokoʻa i ka mahele ʻana o nā holoholona luku, e hoʻomaka mākou i kā mākou papa inoa o nā holoholona make i loko o Brazil e pili ana i ka ana i mālama ʻia e ICMBIO, kahi ʻoihana kaiapuni aupuni i ʻāpana o ka Ministry of Environment, a me ka IUCN Red List.
1. Kiʻi Candango
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano i ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o Brasília. I kēlā manawa, ʻewalu kope i loaʻa a hopu ʻia i ka manaʻo o ka poʻe e hana ana ma ke kahua kūkulu o ke kapikala hou o Brazil. He hulu ʻalani-ʻalani nā ʻiole, nā ʻāpana ʻeleʻele a me kahi huelo i ʻokoʻa loa mai nāʻiole a ka poʻe āpau i ʻike ai: ʻoiai he mānoanoa a pōkole hoʻi, ua uhi ʻia me ka hulu. ʻO ʻoe makua kāne he 14 kenimika, me ka huelo e ana ana i 9.6 mau kenimika.
Ua hoʻouna ʻia kēlā me kēia kanaka no ke kālailai ʻana, a no laila, ua ʻike ʻia he laha a he ʻano hou ia. No ka mea e hoʻohanohano iā laila pelekikena ʻo Juscelino Kubitschek, kuleana no ke kūkulu ʻana i ke kapitala, ua loaʻa ka iole i ka inoa ʻepekema o ʻO Juscelinomys candango, akā kaulana ʻia ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he rat-of-the-president a i ʻole rat-candango - nā limahana i kōkua i ke kūkulu ʻana o Brasília i kapa ʻia ʻo candangos.
ʻIke wale ʻia ka laha i ke kakahiaka nui 1960 a, i nā makahiki he nui i hala, ua manaʻo ʻia ia a holoholona luku ma Brazil a ma ka honua hoʻi e ka International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ke kuleana o ka Central Plateau ke kuleana no kona make ʻana.
2. Mano manamana-niho
ʻO ka manō kuʻi-niho (Isarchon Carcharhinus) hāʻawi ʻia mai ke kapakai o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i Uruguay, akā manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia kekahi o nā nā holoholona luku ma Brazil, mai ka ʻike hope loa i ʻike ʻia ma mua o 40 mau makahiki i hala aku nei a ua nalowale paha ʻo ia mai ka ʻAkelanika Hema holoʻokoʻa. Noho ia i nā kula nui a he mea ola ia.
Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, kahi e hiki ke loaʻa mau, ka lawaiʻa kāohi ʻole ʻia hana ia i mau haneli inā ʻaʻole tausani o ka make i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma ka honua he ʻano laha ia e pili kokoke ana i ka hoʻoweliweli ʻia e ka IUCN.
3. ʻO Frog Tree Pine
ʻO ka rana lāʻau ʻōmaʻomaʻo fimbria (Phrynomedusa fimbriata) a i ʻole Frog Tree o Sana Andrew, i loaʻa ma Alto da Serra de Paranapiacava, ma Santo André, São Paulo i ka makahiki 1896 a ua wehewehe wale ʻia i ka makahiki 1923. Akā ʻaʻohe hōʻike hou o kēia ʻano a me nā kumu i alakaʻi ʻia ai kekahi o nā holoholona make ma Brazil .
4. Nosemouse
ʻO ka ʻiole noronha (Noronhomys vespuccii) manaʻo ʻia he nalo no kahi manawa lōʻihi, mai ke kenekulia 16, akā ua hoʻokaʻawale wale ʻia i ka papa inoa o nā holoholona make ma Brazil i kēia manawa. Ua loaʻa nā mōʻalihaku mai ka wā Holocene, e hōʻike ana he ʻiole terrestrial ia, he lau nahele a nui loa, he kaupaona ia ma waena o 200 a me 250g a noho ma ka mokupuni ʻo Fernando de Noronha.
Wahi a ka Red Book o ka Chico Mendes Institute, ua nalo paha ka ʻiole noronha ma hope o ka hoʻolauna o nā ʻano ʻiole ʻē aʻe ma ka mokupuni, ka mea i hoʻokumu i ka hoʻokūkū a me ka predation, a me ka hiki ke alualu i ka meaʻai, ʻoiai he iole nui ia.
5. ʻĀkaukau ʻĀkau
ʻO ka manu ʻĀkau hikina ʻē a i ʻole ʻo ka manu piʻi akau hikina (ʻO Cichlocolaptes mazarbarnetti) hiki ke loaʻa ma ʻO Pernambuco lāua ʻo Alagoas, akā ʻo kāna mau moʻolelo hope loa i hana ʻia ma 2005 a me 2007 a ʻo ia ke kumu ʻo ia kekahi o nā holoholona make ma Brazil e like me ka ICMBio Red Book.
Loaʻa iā ia ma kahi o 20 mau kenimika a noho hoʻokahi a i ʻole pālua a me ka kumu nui o kona make ana ʻo ia ka nalowale ʻana o kāna wahi noho, no ka mea, ʻano maʻalahi kēia ʻano i nā loli kaiapuni a pili wale i nā bromeliads no ka meaʻai.
6. ʻO Eskimo Curlew
ʻO Eskimo Curlew (Numenius borealis) he manu i manaʻo ʻia he holoholona make ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, akā, i ka papa inoa hope loa o Instituto Chico Mendes, ua hoʻākoakoa hou ʻia i holoholona luku i ka ʻāina, ʻoiai, he manu neʻe i ke kai, he hiki nō ia ma kahi ʻāina ʻē.
Ua noho mua ʻo ia ma Kanada a me Alaska a neʻe i nā ʻāina e like me Argentina, Uruguay, Chile a me Paraguay, me Brazil. Ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma Amazonas, São Paulo a me Mato Grosso, akā ʻo ka manawa hope loa i ʻike ʻia ai ma ka ʻāina. ma kahi o 150 mau makahiki i hala.
Ua kuhikuhi ʻia ka hoʻokahuli a me ka nalo ʻana o kā lākou wahi i noho ai no ka luku ʻia. I kēia manawa ua manaʻo ʻia he laha ma lalo o ka hoʻoweliweli nui mai luku honua e like me ka IUCN. I ka kiʻi ma lalo, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka moʻolelo o kēia manu i hana ʻia ma 1962 ma Texas, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
7. Pueo Cabure-de-Pernambuco
ʻO ka caburé-de-pernambuco (ʻO Glaucidium Mooreorum), o ka ʻohana Strigidae, o nā pueo, i loaʻa ma kahakai o Pernambuco a ma Alagoas paha a me Rio Grande do Norte. Ua ʻohiʻohi ʻia ʻelua ma 1980 a aia kahi leo kani i ka makahiki 1990. Kuhi ʻia ua loaʻa i ka manu ka pō, ke ao a me nā ʻano ahiahi, hānai ʻia i nā mea kolo a me nā vertebrates liʻiliʻi a hiki ke noho pālua a i ʻole mehameha. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka luku ʻia ʻana o kona wahi noho ka mea i make ai kēia holoholona ma Brazil.
8. Makawaiki liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi
ʻO ka macawinth liʻiliʻiAnodorhynchus glaucus) hiki ke loaʻa ma Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina a me Brazil. Me ka ʻole o nā moʻohelu kūhelu ma aneʻi, aia wale nō nā hōʻike o kona ola ma ko mākou ʻāina. Manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole nui a koʻikoʻi kona heluna kanaka a lilo i a lāʻano laha ʻole i ka hapa lua o ke kenekulia 19.
ʻAʻohe moʻolelo o nā mea ola mai 1912, i ka manawa i make ai ka hōʻike hope loa ma Ladana Zoo. Wahi a ICMBio, he aha ka mea i lilo ai kekahi o nā holoholona luku i Brazil ʻo ia paha ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mahiʻai a me nā hopena i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Ke kaua Paraguay, ka mea i luku i ke kaiapuni kahi āna i noho ai. Kuhikuhi pū ʻia nā Epidemics a me ka luhi genetical ma ke ʻano he kumu kūpono no ko lākou nalo ʻana mai ke kūlohelohe.
9. ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lau lau ʻĀkau hikina
ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lau lau hikina hikina (Philydor novaesi) he manu endemeka i Brazil i hiki ke loaʻa ma nā wahi wale nō ʻekolu o ʻO Pernambuco lāua ʻo Alagoas. Ua ʻike hope ʻia ka manu ma 2007 a ua hoʻohana ʻia e noho i nā ʻāpana kiʻekiʻe a me waena o ka nahele, ʻai ʻo ia i nā arthropods a ua hōʻeha nui ʻia kona heluna kanaka ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka mahiʻai a me ka mālama holoholona. No laila, manaʻo ʻia mai ka hui o nā holoholona luku hope loa i ka ʻāina.
10. Uma Ula Nui
ʻO ka umauma ʻulaʻula nui (sturnella defilippii) ʻo ia kekahi o nā holoholona make ma Brazil i kū mau i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e like me Argentina a me Uruguay. ʻO ka manawa hope loa i ʻike ʻia ai ʻo ia ma Rio Grande do Sul no 100 mau makahiki, e like me kā ICMBio.
keia manu hānai i nā mea kolo a me nā ʻanoʻano a noho i nā wahi anuanu. Wahi a ka IUCN, hoʻoweliweli ʻia ia me ka make ʻana i kahi kūlana o ka nāwaliwali.
11. Megadytes ducalis
ʻ ʻO Ducal Megadytes He ʻano ia o nalo wai mai ka ʻohana Dytiscidae a ʻike ʻia no hoʻokahi kanaka i loaʻa ma ka 19 kenekulia ma Brazil, ʻaʻole maopopo leʻa kahi. He 4.75 knm kona a ʻo ia ka lā nui loa o ka ʻohana.
12. Minhocuçu
Ka honuarhinodrilus fafner) ʻike wale ʻia i kahi kanaka i loaʻa ma 1912 ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Sabará, kokoke i Belo Horizonte. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻouna ʻia kēia hiʻohiʻona i ka hale hōʻikeʻike ʻo Senckenberg ma Frankfurt, Kelemania, kahi e waiho mau nei me ia mau ʻāpana i kahi kūlana maikaʻi ʻole o ka mālama ʻana.
Nānā ʻia kēia anuenue kekahi o nā ʻenuhe honua nui loa i loaʻa ma ka honua, hiki paha i ka 2.1 mika ka lōʻihi a hiki i ka 24 mm o ka mānoanoa a ʻo ia kekahi o nā holoholona make ma Brazil.
13. ʻO Bat Vampire nunui
ʻO ka ʻōpeʻapeʻa vampire nunui (Desmodus draculae) noho ma wahi wela mai Central a me ʻAmelika Hema. Ma Brazil, ua loaʻa kahi iwi poʻo o kēia ʻano i ke ana o ka Alto Ribeira Touristic State Park (PETAR), ma São Paulo, i ka makahiki 1991.[1]
ʻAʻole maopopo ka mea i alakaʻi ʻia ai i kona luku ʻia, akā kuhi ʻia ua like kona ʻano me nā ʻano ola o ka genus, ka ʻōpeʻa vampire (Desmodus rotundus), ʻo ia ka mea e lapalapa ana i ke koko, no laila e ʻai ana i ke koko o nā māmela e ola ana, a he ʻēheu kona e hiki ai i 40 kenimika. Mai nā moʻolelo i loaʻa mua, ʻo kēia holoholona make 30% ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o kona hoahānau.
14. Mano moʻo
Ua manaʻo ʻia he holoholona make i loko o Brazil, manō moʻo (ʻO Schroederichthys bivius) hiki ke loaʻa ma ke kahakai o nā ʻāina ʻAmelika Hema ʻē aʻe. He manō kahakai liʻiliʻi ia i loaʻa ma ke kahakai hema o Rio Grande do Sul. Makemake ʻoi aku ka noho ʻana i nā wai a hiki i ka 130 mika ka hohonu a he holoholona ia makana dimorphism moekolohe i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa, me nā kāne e piʻi a 80cm i ka lōʻihi ʻoiai nā wahine, a hiki i 70cm.
ʻO ka manawa hope loa o kēia holoholona oviparous ua ʻike ʻia ma Brazil ma 1988 ia. ʻO ke kumu nui o kona make ʻana he trawling, no ka mea ʻaʻohe mea hoihoi i kēia holoholona.
ʻO nā holoholona hele a pōpilikia ma Brazil
ʻO ka kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka make ʻana o nā holoholona he mea nui ia no lākou e hānai ʻia kulekele lehulehu e pale i ka laha. A ʻo kēia, e like me ka mea e pono ai, he kumuhana hou hou ia ma aneʻi ma PeritoAnimal.
ʻO Brazil, me kāna meaola waiwai, kuhikuhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he home o kekahi mea ma waena 10 a me 15% o nā holoholona ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa a eia naʻe ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia nei he mau haneli o lākou me ka luku ʻia ma muli o ka hana a ke kanaka. Ma lalo mākou e hoʻokalakupua i kekahi o nā holoholona luhi hewa i Palakila.
- Dolphin Pink (Inia geoffrensis)
- ʻO Wolf wahine (ʻO Chrysocyon brachyurus)
- Otter (ʻO Pteronura brasiliensis)
- ʻO Cuxiú ʻeleʻele (siri chiropots)
- Melemele Woodpecker (ʻO Celeus flavus subflavus)
- Honu manu (Dermochelys coriacea)
- ʻO ka liona liona gula (Leontopithecus rosalia)
- Jaguar (panthera onca)
- ʻĪlio Waina (ʻO Speothos venaticus)
- Otter (ʻO Pteronura brasiliensis)
- Nuku ʻoiaʻiʻo (Sporophila maximilian)
- Tapir (ʻO Tapirus terrestris)
- Kanaka nunui Armadillo (ʻO Maximus Priodonts)
- Anteater nunui (ʻO Myrmecophaga tridactyla Linnaeus)
Hiki i kēlā me kēia ke hana i kā lākou kuleana i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, inā ma ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu a me nā kumukūʻai wai ma ka home, kiola ʻole i nā ʻōpala i nā kahawai, nā kai a me nā ululāʻau a i ʻole he ʻāpana o nā hui a me nā hui aupuni ʻole no ka pale ʻana i nā holoholona a / a i ʻole ke kaiapuni.
A i kēia manawa ua ʻike ʻē ʻoe i kekahi o nā holoholona make ma Brazil, mai haʻalele i kā mākou mau ʻatikala ʻē aʻe a mākou e kamaʻilio pū ai hoʻi e pili ana i nā holoholona make i ka honua.
- Ua hoʻoweliweli ka 15 mau holoholona i ka make ma Brazil
- ʻO nā holoholona hele a make i ka Pantanal
- ʻO nā holoholona e kokoke pau ana i ka Amazon - Nā kiʻi a me nā mea lapuwale
- ʻO nā holoholona he 10 e pau ana i ka make ma ka honua
- Nā manu e aneane pau i ka make: nā ʻano, nā ʻano a me nā kiʻi
Inā makemake ʻoe e heluhelu hou aku i nā ʻatikala e like me ʻO nā holoholona luku i Brazil, paipai mākou iā ʻoe e komo i kā mākou ʻĀina Manu ʻaneʻa.
Nā kūmole- UNICAMP. ʻO Batu Chupacabra Peruvian? ʻAʻole, na mākou ka vampire pilikua! Loaʻa ma: https://www.blogs.unicamp.br/caapora/2012/03/20/morcego-chupacabra-peruano-nao-o-vampiro-gigante-e-nosso/>. Loaʻa ʻia ma Iune 18, 2021.